crystallization of copper sulphate experiment class 11

• Chemistry Practicals
• CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Practical
• Purification Of Compounds By Crystallisation Of Impure Sample Experiment

Crystallization of impure sample of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate, Benzoic Acid

Let us learn to know the process of Purification of Compounds by Crystallisation of Impure Sample. Purification of compounds is done using various methods like evaporation, decantation, filtration, distillation, and crystallisation. Crystallisation is one of the purification techniques which follows the process of purification substances by removing unwanted by-products.

Purification of the impure samples like Copper Sulphate , Alum, Benzoic Acid and Iron Sulphate by the process of crystallisation.

Materials Required:

50 mL capacity Beaker, filtration unit, watch glass, kerosene burner and CuSO 4 .5H 2 0

Experimental setup:

The procedure of crystallisation of copper sulphate:

• Prepare a clear solution of copper sulphate.
• Dissolve 0.8 g of CuSO4.5H20 in about 8 mL of water and add 1-2 drops of about 6 mL H2SO4 to it.
• Heat the solution for a while and filter it using a filtration unit.
• Transfer the solution from the filtration unit to another beaker and allow it to cool to room temperature.
• The crystals will appear.
• Filter, wash these crystals and let them dry.
• Weigh the crystals and report the yield.

The procedure of crystallisation of Alum:

• First, prepare a clear solution of alum by dissolving 1g of Alum sample in about 5 mL of water.
• To this solution add 2 drops of H2SO4.
• Transfer the solution from the filtration unit to another beaker and allow it to cool down to room temperature.
• Formation of the crystals is witnessed.
• Filter and wash these crystals and allow them to dry.

The procedure of crystallisation of Benzoic Acid:

• Make a clear solution of benzoic acid by dissolving 0.5g of the benzoic acid sample in about 8 mL of water.
• Transfer the solution from filtration unit to another beaker and allow it to cool down to room temperature.
• Formation of benzoic acid crystals is seen.
• Filter and wash benzoic acid crystals and allow them to dry

The procedure of crystallization of Iron Sulphate:

• A clear solution of Iron Sulphate is prepared by dissolving 0.5g of Iron Sulphate sample in about 3 mL of water.
• To this solution add 3 drops of H2SO4.
• Heat the solution for a while and filter it using a general filtration method.
• Transfer the filtered solution to another beaker and allow it to cool down to room temperature.
• Formation of the Iron Sulphate crystals is clearly seen.
• Filter these crystals and wash it well without any residue. Allow it to dry completely.

Precautions to be taken during the experiment:

• Ensure that the crystals are washed well.
• Avoid overheating of the solution.
• The filtrate should be evaporated slowly by gentle heating of the solution.
• The solution should be cooled slowly and do not use any rapid cooling procedures.

Observation

• Evaporation
• Crystallisation
• Decantation
• Distillation
• Why is sulphuric acid added to dilute copper sulphate solution? Sulphuric acid is added to avoid the hydrolysis of copper sulphate.
• What is the shape of copper sulphate crystals formed?triclinic shape
• What is the colour of benzoic acid crystals formed? The colour of benzoic acid crystals formed is an opaque white colour.

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CBSE Science Practical

CBSE Science Practicals prepared with proper examining at cbsepracticalhelper.blogspot.com for scoring well in science practicals

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1. To prepare crystals of pure copper sulfate (CuSO4.5H­2O) from a given impure sample of the blue vitriol

• The filtrate should be evaporated slowly by gently heating during concentration.
• The filtrate is to be evaporated only up to the crystallization point. It should never be heated to dryness. Avoid over heating of the solution.
• The solution should be cooled slowly without disturbing it. It should never be cooled rapidly.

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Crystallisation of Copper sulphate

Materials required.

The Procedure

Real lab procedure.

Preparation of the solution

• Take about 25-30 ml of distilled water in a beaker and add powdered crude copper sulphate while stirring the solution so that the powder dissolves.
• Keep adding the powdered sample till a little of it remains undissolved, even if it is stirred thoroughly.
• Now add 2-3 ml of dil. H 2 SO 4 to make the solution clear. This prevents the hydrolysis of copper sulphate.

Filtration of the solution

• Take a funnel and fix a filter paper in it and clamp it to a stand.
• Place a china dish under the funnel. The stem of the funnel should touch the wall of the china dish to avoid the solution splashing out.
• Pour the solution into the funnel over a glass rod and collect the filtrate in a china dish. The insoluble impurities are left in the filter paper as residue.

Concentration of the filtrate to crystallisation point

• Heat the china dish on a sand bath till the solution is reduced to about one-third of its original volume.
• To avoid crust formation on the sides of the dish, stir the solution continuously with a glass rod. If crust is formed, it can be dissolved in the solution by removing it with the glass rod. Don’t allow the solution in the dish to boil.
• To know if the solution has reached its crystallisation point, use the end of the glass rod to remove a drop of the solution and cool it by blowing on it. The appearance of a crust or tiny crystals on the glass rod shows that the crystallisation point has been reached.
• Turn off the burner and stop heating.
• Transfer the hot saturated solution into a crystallising dish.

Cooling the hot saturated solution

•  Place the crystallisation dish containing the hot saturated solution in a trough containing water filled to the brim and allow it to cool slowly for sometime.
•  Deep blue crystals of copper sulphate will be formed. The crystallisation will complete after half an hour.

Separation of crystals and drying

• Decant the mother liquor carefully into a beaker.
• Wash the crystals with a little ethyl alcohol containing a small amount of cold water.
• Place the crystals on a filter paper which will soak up the solution.
• Transfer the crystals to another filter paper and dry them by pressing gently between the folds of the filter paper or by spreading on a porous plate.
• Transfer the crystals into a dry test tube and cork it.  

Crystallisation of Potash Alum

Materials required.

Preparation of solution

• Take about 25-30 ml of distilled water in a beaker. Add about 5-6 g of crude sample of potash alum to it and stir the contents of the beaker with a glass rod until the solution is clear.
• Warm to dissolve all of the alum present in the sample.  
• Pour the solution into the funnel over a glass rod and collect the filtrate in a china dish. The insoluble impurities are left in the filter paper as residue. 

Concentration of the filtrate to crystallisation

• To avoid crust formation on the sides of the dish, stir the solution continuously with a glass rod. If a crust is formed, dissolve it back into the solution by removing it with the glass rod. Don’t allow the solution in the dish to boil.
• Transfer the hot saturated solution into a crystallising dish. 
• Place the crystallisation dish containing the hot saturated solution in a beaker containing water filled to the brim and allow it to cool slowly for some time.
• Colourless transparent crystals of potash alum begin to separate.
• After about half an hour, the crystallisation is complete. 

5. Separation of crystals and drying 

• Decant off the mother liquor carefully into a beaker.
• Wash the crystals with cold solution of alcohol and water.
• Transfer the crystals to another filter paper and dry them by pressing gently between the folds of the filter paper.
• Transfer the crystals into a dry test tube and cork it. 

Crystallisation of Benzoic Acid

Preparation of solution 

• Take about 150 ml of distilled water in the beaker and boil the water over a Bunsen burner by placing the beaker over a piece of wire gauze placed over a tripod stand.
• In another beaker, take 2-3 g of crude sample of benzoic acid.  While constantly stirring, gradually add a minimum quantity of boiling water just sufficient to dissolve the benzoic acid. If required, heating can be used to dissolve the benzoic acid. 

Filtration of the solution 

• Fix a fluted filter paper into the funnel and filter the hot solution into a beaker.
• Insoluble impurities will be left in the filter paper. 

Cooling the hot saturated solution 

• Let the filtered solution come to room temperature by itself.
• Now cool it by placing it in a cold water trough.
• Opaque white crystals of benzoic acid begin to separate. 

Separation of crystals and drying 

• Fix a filter paper in a funnel that is clamped to a stand and separate the crystals by filtration.
• Wash the crystals with cold water.

Simulator Procedure (as performed through the  Online Labs )

You can select any one of the sample to perform the experiment by clicking on the corresponding sample icon. 

Copper Sulphate

• Drag the spatula containing copper sulphate towards the beaker containing distilled water and drop it in.
• Click on the glass rod to stir the solution.
• Drag the measuring cylinder containing conc. H 2 SO 4 towards the beaker to pour it into the solution.
• Click on the ‘Next’ button.
• Drag the beaker towards the funnel to filter the copper sulphate solution.
• Click on the inference icon to see the inference.
• We can now click on the ‘Next’ button to go to the next process.
• Click on the knob of the burner to turn it on.
• To stir the solution in the china dish, click on the glass rod.
• Drag the china dish towards the crystallisation dish to transfer the hot saturated solution of copper sulphate into it.
• To cool the hot solution, drag the crystallisation dish and place it in the trough containing water.
• Wait for some time for the copper sulphate to recrystallise from the solution.
• Drag the crystallisation dish out of the water trough to place it back.
• We can click on the ‘Next’ button to go to the next process.
• Drag the bottle containing ethyl alcohol and water mixture towards the crystallisation dish to wash the crystals.
• Drag the crystallisation dish towards the trough to decant the upper solution.
• Click on the ‘Next’ button to go to the next process.
• To transfer the crystals into the test tube, drag the filter paper containing the crystals toward it.
• Drag the cork towards the test tube and close it.
• To redo the experiment, click on the ‘Reset’ button.

Potash alum

• Drag the spatula containing potash alum towards the beaker containing distilled water and drop it in.
• To go to the next process, click on the ‘Next’ button.
• Drag the beaker towards the funnel to filter the potash alum solution.
• Drag the china dish towards the crystallisation dish to transfer the hot saturated solution of potash alum into it.
• Wait for some time for potash alum to recrystallise from the solution.
• Drag the bottle containing alcohol and water mixture towards the crystallisation dish to wash the crystals.

Benzoic acid

• Drag the spatula containing benzoic acid towards the beaker containing hot water and drop it in.
• Drag the beaker towards the funnel to filter the benzoic acid solution.
• To cool the hot solution, drag the beaker and place it in the trough containing water.
• Wait for some time for benzoic acid to recrystallise from the solution.
• Drag the beaker out of the water trough to place it back.
• Drag the beaker towards the funnel to filter its contents.
• Drag the bottle containing cold water towards the crystallisation dish to wash the crystals.

Precautions

•  The filtrate should be evaporated slowly by gently heating during concentration.
•  The filtrate is to be evaporated only up to the crystallisation point. It should never be heated to dryness. Avoid overheating the  solution.
•  The solution should be cooled slowly without disturbing it. It should never be cooled rapidly.
•  Wash the crystals with the washing liquid 3-4 times, using very small amount of the liquid each time.
•  If the crystals obtained are very small, it means that the solution has been concentrated more than that required for the  crystallisation stage. 

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CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol PDF Download

CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol Download here in pdf format. These Lab Manual may be freely downloadable and used as a reference book. Learning does not mean only gaining knowledge about facts and principles rather it is a path which is informed by scientific truths, verified experimentally. Keeping these facts in mind, CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol have been planned, evaluated under subject Improvement Activities. Check our CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol. We are grateful to the teachers for their constant support provided in the preparation of this CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual.

CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol

The laboratory is important for making the study complete, especially for a subject like Science and Maths. CBSE has included the practicals in secondary class intending to make students familiarised with the basic tools and techniques used in the labs. With the help of this, they can successfully perform the experiments listed in the CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual.

CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol Features:

• Basic Concept of Experiments
• Before performing the experiments the basic concept section of every experiment helps the students in know the aim of the experiment and to achieve the result with the minimum mistake
• Lab Experiments with Interactive session and NCERT Lab Manual Questions 
• Completely solved CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual Questions are provided.
• Practical Based Questions
• PBQs based on every experiment with their answers, covering Previous Years’ Questions, are provided experiments for complete coverage of concepts Web support

By performing the experiments, students will know the concept in a better way as they can now view the changes happening in front of their eyes. Their basics will become solid as they will learn by doing things. By doing this activity they will also get generated their interest in the subject. Students will develop questioning skills and start studying from a scientific perspective. Here we have given all the necessary details that a Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol student should know about CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual. From CBSE Science practical to Lab manual, project work, important questions and CBSE lab kit manual, all the information is given in the elaborated form further in this page for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol students.

Benefit of the CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual for Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol:

• Basic concepts of every experiment have been covered for better understanding. The matter is presented in the simple and lucid language under main-headings and sub-headings.
• Detailed observation tables and graphical design of experiments are provided wherever it is necessary.
• Diagrams are well-labelled and neatly drawn.
• CBSE Class 11 Lab Manual Questions with their answers
• Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are completely solved with the scoring key giving the explanation of every answer
• Group/Suggested Activities have also been given.
• Two Practice question Papers have also been included based on the latest guidelines issued by the CBSE.

The CBSE is a prestigious educational board in India that conducts the final examinations for the Chapter 5 2 To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a Given Impure Sample of The Blue Vitriol. The syllabus for the practical exam is designed by CBSE according to the CCE guidelines.

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CBSE Lab Manuals Class 11 | Chemistry | 9. To Prepare Crystals of Pure Copper Sulphate from a given impure sample of the blue vitriol