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toefl essay sample questions

Sample Essays for the Writing Section of the TOEFL® Test

Did you hear about the updated TOEFL iBT Writing section?

On July 26, 2023, ETS introduced  a new TOEFL Writing question : Writing for an Academic Discussion.

That’s right. The Independent Writing question has been retired from the official TOEFL iBT test.

Before we get into the topics and sample essays for the new TOEFL Writing question, let’s start with the first task, which hasn’t changed, the Integrated Writing.

TOEFL Integrated Writing Topics

In the TOEFL Writing Section, there are two questions you must respond to. The first question is called the TOEFL Integrated Writing task. The second question is called the TOEFL Writing for an Academic Discussion task.

The integrated question presents a reading and listening passage, followed by a question, which is a bit more complicated.

Simple, right?

No? Still confused.

No worries. The best way to understand something better is through examples.

Let’s do one together.

This TOEFL integrated writing topic deals with the use of Corn Ethanol.

Give yourself three minutes to read it:

The chemical compound, ethanol, has risen in recent years as the most viable alternative to fossil fuels. Ethanol is a renewable fuel made from crops, mainly from corn in the United States, which can power engines. There are many who argue that corn ethanol should replace fossil fuel gas as the primary source for running cars.

One major benefit of using corn ethanol is that it uses less energy than gasoline. Using less energy means that people can get better gas mileage while driving these more fuel-efficient cars. In the long-run, this will be cheaper for consumers because they can drive further than they do now with fossil-fueled cars. People will spend less money on gas because they won’t have to stop to fill up as frequently.

Another advantage of switching to corn ethanol is that it helps the American economy become less reliant on energy sources from other countries. Petroleum is not readily available in the U.S., so it must be imported from other countries. Depending on foreign relations with those countries, fuel becomes a political issue. Corn is a crop that America has in abundance. By using corn ethanol instead, the cost of gas will decrease because now the import taxes on fossil fuels are calculated into the price. This also means that we will be putting the money into our own economy, thus helping local corn farmers.

One of the most attractive aspects of corn ethanol is how environmentally friendly is when compared to current automobile gasoline. Fossil fuels release carbon that has been stored for years from the earth. Burning biofuels, like corn ethanol, is better for the environment because it releases less greenhouse gas emissions. Lessening the amount of carbon emissions will help prevent global warming and all of the other negative effects of climate change.

Once three minutes have ended, listen to a conversation about the same topic

Now, it’s time to write your TOEFL essay.

Stop reading.

Start writing.

Write your essay before you look at this TOEFL Writing sample. You will learn a lot more if you actually write the essay and then compare this to your own.

Here’s an expert TOEFL teacher’s sample essay to this particular TOEFL Writing topic.

The article introduces the topic of corn-based ethanol. More specifically, the writer discusses the advantages of switching from fossil fuels to this alternative energy source. The lecturer in the listening passage disagrees. He believes that the benefits the author mentions are misleading and attacks each of the claims made in the reading.

In the reading, the author begins by stating that drivers will get better gas mileage on corn ethanol than on fossil fuels, and therefore save money on gas. The speaker, however, disagrees. He states that the production of corn ethanol is very expensive. He says that in order to make for the costs to create and distribute this biofuel, the price of ethanol gas will increase.  Therefore, it will not be any cheaper for consumers in the long run.

The writer also claims that making the switch to corn ethanol will help the American economy because it will make the United States less dependent on foreign oil. Again, the lecturer believes there are flaws in the writer’s argument. He holds instead that mass use of corn-based ethanol will hurt the economy. He elaborates this by point out that the inevitable competition for corn by multiple consumers, including beef and dairy farmers, will drive the price of corn up.

Another reason why the author feels that moving from traditional gasoline to corn ethanol is a good idea is that they are more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels. The professor in the listening passage is doubtful that this is accurate. He suggests that as more farmlands are created to support the demands for more corn, more carbon will be absorbed by the land. This means that these emissions will still be released to negatively affect the environment.

As you can see the author and speaker hold very different views about the use of corn ethanol.

The author here clearly defined the main idea, organized the supporting points from both the reading and listening passage, and showed how they differ from each other. 

I know it may seem a bit difficult, which is why I recommend that you start off with a TOEFL Writing template for both the Writing for an Academic Discussion task and Integrated essay.

Looking for more example essays?

Download our TOEFL Writing 24+ Guide if you would like more sample essays. It includes extra tips, tricks, and strategies you will not find anywhere else. Download it for free

Too complicated? Don’t worry.

I will share TOEFL writing templates for the Integrated Writing question, which will make your life a whole lot easier.

We have to talk about the Writing for an Academic Discussion question.

toefl essay sample questions

Writing for an Academic Discussion Question

You will have 10 minutes to complete the  Writing for an Academic Discussion question .

For this task, you will participate in an online discussion. After you read the question and student responses, you will have to write a response that adds to the conversation.

Here’s the breakdown:

This question is straightforward, but let’s do a sample together.

When the question appears on the screen, take two minutes to scan the passage and the student’s opinions.

toefl essay sample questions

Start to write your response. Be sure to add to the discussion and avoid repeating the same points as the other students.

Aim to write at least 120 words.

toefl essay sample questions

Get peace of mind with these TOEFL Writing Templates

Now that you have a few TOEFL Writing topics and sample essays to study from, you may want to use a writing template to help guide your writing.

A TOEFL template is basically a pre-organized set of words and phrases that you can use in almost any TOEFL Writing response.

Here’s TST Prep’s template for the integrated TOEFL Writing question (question one):

And here’s our template for the independent TOEFL Writing for an Academic Discussion (question two):

The article introduces the topic of (general topic) . More specifically, the writer discusses (stance of the author on the topic) . The lecturer in the listening passage disagrees. He believes that (stance of the professor on the topic) and attacks each of the claims made in the reading.

In the reading, the author begins by stating that (first point made to support stance) . The lecturer, however, disagrees. He states that (first counterargument by the professor) . He goes on to say that (additional detail about first counterargument) .

The author also claims that (second point made to support stance) . Again, the lecturer believes there are flaws in the writer’s argument. The speaker holds that (two sentences about the professor’s second counter-argument) .

Another reason why the author feels that (restate stance of author) is that (third point made to support stance) . The professor in the listening passage is doubtful that this is accurate. He suggests that (two sentences about the professor’s third counter argument) .

To sum up, both the writer and professor hold conflicting views about (general topic) . It’s clear that they will have trouble finding common ground on this issue.

You will notice that the sample essays in this article differ from the templates.

You do not have to use templates, it’s up to you. Some people prefer to write in their own unique fashion for the entire exam. However, you will notice that the structure of the templates is similar to the TOEFL example essays.

These templates follow the exact organization and structure you are expected to use on test day, so don’t hesitate to use them in your writing.

Also, don’t forget to download the free  24+ TOEFL Writing Guide   if you would like more example essays, templates, and exclusive tips to help you earn the best possible TOEFL Writing score on test day.

If you read this far, it means you are serious about your TOEFL studies. Don’t hesitate to send us an email and let us know how we can help you earn the TOEFL score of your dreams – [email protected]

Did we forget anything? Please comment and let us know how we can improve our TOEFL Writing advice (or if you want to just say hi that would be great too).

113 Comments

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Hello, Josh. Firstly, thanks for the useful tips. I wonder if I can get a point if I don’t understand the lecture but write everything about reading. Should every idea in the passage and audio be matched?

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Hi Ella, Thanks for your question. In general, the listening points should correspond with the reading. This is because the listening usually argues the opposite points.

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Hi, Josh. I have a question about copying and pasting in TOEFL writing. I heard some TOEFL teachers say it should be avoided because ETS will consider it a potential form of plagiarism in future academic study.

Could you please provide some suggestions in terms of this issue? Is it ok to copy and paste, since it saves a lot of time in writing, especially on the test day. Thank you!

Great question. The copy-and-paste feature will not work at the test center, and I do not believe it works on the Home Edition either. Regardless, copying and pasting or manually copying the exact words should be avoided. You are always better off putting the answer into your own words.

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Abdul Siyar Azizi

Hello Josh, I have a question regarding how we can write an advanced writing that will be scored 25+?

Thanks very much for your question. We do have some templates that can help to increase your score. However, to give you a more detailed answer, I would suggest you consider doing an essay evaluation with us so we can help you determine specific areas for improvement. In the meantime, here are some articles that can help.

https://tstprep.com/articles/toefl/ten-awesome-tips-for-the-writing-section-of-the-toefl-test/

https://tstprep.com/articles/toefl/sample-essays-for-the-writing-section-of-the-toefl-test/

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Hi Josh! For the academic writing, I only gave my reason for the topic, and I forgot to mention the opinion of the other student. I checked my word count. It is already past 100 words, and I do not want it to be too long. Do we really need to mention the other students’ opinion?

Hi Ireen. Great question! We often suggest mentioning one of the other students, but it is not required. As long as what you said was on topic, you “added to the discussion,” and gave specific reasons and examples, you should be okay with the 100 words you wrote.

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Hello, I have a question about the independent writing: Is it a problem if I just give one reason in my essay (but detailed enough)? Thank you

Hi there and thank you for your question. There are no specific grading criteria that say you MUST give two reasons for your opinion, so, in theory, yes, you can just give one reason. I don’t think you will be marked down for it. If possible, try to give two though. It will make your word count higher.

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  • Free Sample TOEFL Essays

Learning to write well is a skill, like any other. This skill is important not only on your TOEFL exam, but also in your academic and professional career. The TOEFL Writing section consists of two parts:

  • Integrated Writing , which includes reading, listening and then writing a summary/ comparison piece of 250 word in 20 minutes
  • Independent Writing , which involves writing a four to five-paragraph essay of 300-350 words in 30 minutes

The following free sample TOEFL essays illustrate how to get a high score on the independent writing section of the iBT. By reading through the essays, you can learn how to:

  • develop any topic into a well-organized, logical answer
  • use synonyms to paraphrase the question
  • use a variety of sentence structures & grammatical forms
  • begin with a simple, strong introduction
  • create body paragraphs that flow logically
  • develop unity by linking the body paragraphs
  • end with a memorable conclusion

Try to write an essay each day. The added practice will enable you to complete a strong essay, with ease, confidence, and speed, on the day of your TOEFL exam and throughout your life.

  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #1 "Doing Unenjoyable Things"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #2 "Money & Success"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #3 "Studying Abroad"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #4 "Family or Friends More Important?"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #5 "Virtual or Real University"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #6 "Children & Formal Education"
  • Free Sample TOEFL Essay #7 "Household Tasks for Children"

1. TOEFL BASICS

Toefl overview.

  • TOEFL Exam Details
  • Registration
  • Administration

TOEFL iBT Format

2. toefl skills, primary skills.

  • Reading Skills
  • Listening Skills
  • Speaking Skills
  • Speaking Tips
  • Free TOEFL Speaking Samples
  • Writing Skills
  • TOEFL Writing Topics

Secondary Skills

  • Pronunciation

Support Skills

  • Summarizing
  • Paraphrasing
  • Mind Mapping
  • Synthesizing

3. TOEFL RESOURCES

Toefl books, in-class training.

  • TOEFL Prep Centres
  • ESL Schools

Online Training

Studying toefl abroad, 4. attitude, test anxiety.

  • Types of Anxiety
  • Causes of Anxiety
  • Symptoms of Anxiety
  • Reducing Anxiety

5. TOEFL Videos

6. toefl blog.

Test Resources

TOEFL® Resources by Michael Goodine

Toefl independent writing master guide (2023 update).

Here’s how the TOEFL Independent writing question works:

  • It is the second writing question on the TOEFL Test
  • You will be asked a question about your personal opinion and be given 30 minutes to write about it.
  • Questions can be about any topics, but they are most often about education, work and society in general.
  • There is no minimum or maximum word count, but I think you should write between 380 and 400 words.

Styles of Questions

There are four main styles of TOEFL independent essay questions in 2022.  They look like this:

Agree/Disagree Style (most common)

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should be required to follow strict rules set by their parents . Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Do not use memorized examples.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past . Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.  Do not use memorized examples.

Multiple Choice Style (common)

Which of the following values do you think is best to teach to a young child? being honest being helpful being patient Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Do not use memorized examples.

Preference Style (common)

There are many different styles of classes at schools nowadays. Some students prefer classes where they interact with their teacher and other students. Others prefer classes where they just listen to their teacher speak. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Make sure to use your own words. Do not use memorized examples.

Imaginary Situation (less common)

Imagine a situation where you have a school assignment and are unable to finish it before the deadline given by your teacher.  What do you think is the best thing to do in this case – submit an incomplete assignment, or wait until it is completely finished and submit it after the deadline. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.  Do not use memorized examples.

Note that questions are somewhat longer than in the past.

Coming up with Ideas

I get a lot of questions about how to come up with ideas about what to write.  To deal with this problem, check out my video .

How to Structure the Essay (Template)

To show you how to write the essay, I will use this question:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past . Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Writing an Introduction

The first part of your TOEFL independent essay is the introductory paragraph.  You could follow this template:

  • Sentence One: The “Background Information” This is an interesting sentence that introduces the general theme or topic of the essay.  I recommend stating something that most people agree we should do :  “ Most people agree that everyone in the world should… “
  • Sentence Two: The Main P oint This is your main argument and direct answer to the question. Start with “ Personally, I believe that… “
  • Sentence Three: The T ransition Just use: “ I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay .”

For the above question, the introduction could look something like this:

Most people in the world agree that everyone should get as much education as possible. Personally, I believe that young people do not have as much respect for their teachers as in the past. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay .

There are a few things to keep in mind as you write your introduction:

  • Don’t waste time on the opening line.  It isn’t very important.
  • Don’t copy and paste from the prompt.
  • Write about 50 words .

Writing Body Paragraphs

Next you must write two body paragraphs that support your thesis. You could dse this template for your first body paragraph:

  • Sentence One: A Topic  Sentence This summarizes your first supporting reason. Begin with “ To begin with… “.
  • Sentences Two and Three : The Explanation Explain what you mean, without talking directly about a personal experience.
  • Sentence  Four: The Transition Just use: “ My personal experience is a compelling illustration  of this. “
  • Sentence Six to End: The Personal  Example An example from your life that illustrates this argument. It should make up about 60% of the body paragraph.

This leads to a paragraph like this:

To begin with , there are many more ways for students to learn nowadays, which means they are less reliant on teachers than in the past. A few years ago, children could only acquire new skills by going to school and attending classes , so they respected their teachers a lot. In contrast , now they can easily use technology to learn independently. My personal experience is a compelling illustration of this .  For the past five years, I have studied English almost every single day. Although my native language is Korean, I am able to easily communicate in English without feeling any anxiety.  I expand my vocabulary by using a smartphone application that teaches me new phrases twice per day, and I practice pronunciation by watching videos on the Internet.  Consequently , I feel like old-fashioned classes with a teacher are not as important as they used to be.  If I had tried to become proficient in English twenty years ago, I would have depended on a teacher and respected her a lot.

Use a similar template for your second body paragraph:

  • Sentence One: A Topic  Sentence This summarizes your second supporting reason. Begin with “ Furthermore… “.
  • Sentences Two and Three : The Explanation Explain what you mean, without talking directly about personal experience.
  • Sentence  Four: The Transition Just use: “ For instance, “
  • Sentences Five to End: The Personal Example An example from your life that illustrates this argument. Again, it should be about 60% of the paragraph.

That would result in a paragraph looking something like this:

Furthermore , teachers are no longer strict, which means children don’t fear them at all. If teachers fail to discipline students when they misbehave, they do not feel obligated to respect them. This problem is very common nowadays.  For instance, a few months ago my little brother used profanity when addressing his math teacher.  Surprisingly, he wasn’t punished for this terrible behavior. His teacher was afraid of how our parents would react to my brother being punished, so he just ignored it. Since then , my brother hasn’t respected that teacher at all , and is often quite rude. In addition , a lot of his classmates have picked up on the fact that they can get away with impolite behavior and have started acting up as well. Based on this experience , I strongly feel that young people do not respect educators like they did in the past.

There are a few things to keep in mind as you write the body paragraphs:

  • Use a mix of simple, compound and complex sentences.  This is mentioned as “syntactic variety” in the scoring rubric.
  • Emphasize the examples.  They are easy to write, so they should make up about 60% (or more) of each body paragraph.  If you emphasize them, you will make fewer mistakes. 
  • Avoid very short sentences (less than seven words) and very long sentences (more than 60 words).
  • Don’t start sentences with coordinating conjunctions.  The e-rater seems to dislike this.
  • Use a variety of discourse phrases (therefore, moreover, as a result, in addition, etc).
  • Write about 150 words in each body paragraph.

Writing a Conclusion

Conclusions are easy. You just need to repeat your thesis and your two supporting arguments.  Try this short template:

  • Sentence One: Restate the Thesis Paraphrase your thesis. Begin with “ In conclusion, I strongly feel that… “.
  • Sentence Two: Restate the Two Reasons Just use: “ This is because ______, and _______. “

That will produce something that looks like this:

In conclusion, I strongly feel that children do not respect their teachers as much as they used to. This is because teachers are not as essential as they were a few decades ago , and they are too nervous to enforce rules .

Here’s what you should keep in mind:

  • Paraphrase yourself. Don’t copy and paste from either the thesis or the topic sentences when you write the conclusion.
  • Don’t introduce new arguments in the conclusion
  • Write about 40 words in the conclusion

Final Thoughts

That’s how you write a strong TOEFL independent essay.  There are a final few points that are worth mentioning here, of course:

  • There is no word limit.  You can write as much as you want.
  • In multiple choice questions you can totally ignore the choices you don’t pick.
  • The template works for all of the styles
  • Practice does not make perfect.  Proper practice makes perfect.  For help, sign up for my evaluation program .
  • You will not get punished for using a simple template.

Further Reading

We maintain a large collection of  complete sample essays , written using the above techniques.

You may wish to continue by reading our guide to the integrated essay .

TOEFL Independent Essay Template

Sign up for express essay evaluation today!

Submit your practice essays for evaluation by the author of this website.  Get feedback on grammar, structure, vocabulary and more.  Learn how to score better on the TOEFL.  Feedback in 48 hours.

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nextLOW

Writing Section Directions

The Writing section of the TOEFL iBT test measures your ability to write in English to communicate in an academic environment. There are two writing tasks. For the first task, you will read a passage, listen to a lecture, and then answer a question based on what you have read and heard. For the second writing task, you will answer a question based on your own knowledge and experience. In this practice test, you will be able to practice writing a response to each writing task and review sample responses. If you wish to compare your responses to the sample responses, you will need to copy your response to another document before continuing. Once you select continue to view the sample responses, your response will no longer be available.

Select Continue to go on.

Question 1 of 2

Writing Based on Reading and Listening Directions

For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic. A clock at the top of the screen shows how much time you have to read. You can take notes on the passage while you read. The passage will then be removed, and you will listen to a lecture on the same topic. While you listen, you can also take notes. You will be able to see the reading passage again when it is time for you to write. You can use your notes to help you answer the question. You will then have 20 minutes to write a response to the question that asks you about the relationship between a reading passage and a lecture. You should try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. Typically, an effective response is 150 to 225 words.

      Toward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (1725-1798) wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including kings and writers, his memoir has become a valuable historical source about European society in the eighteenth century. However, some critics have raised doubts about the accuracy of the memoir. They claim that the Chevalier distorted or invented many events in the memoir to make his life seem more exciting and glamorous than it really was.       For example, in his memoir the Chevalier claims that while living in Switzerland, he was very wealthy, and it is known that he spent a great deal of money there on parties and gambling. However, evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money.       Critics are also skeptical about the accuracy of the conversations that the Chevalier records in the memoir between himself and the famous writer Voltaire. No one doubts that the Chevalier and Voltaire met and conversed. However, critics complain that the memoir cannot possibly capture these conversations accurately, because it was written many years after the conversations occurred. Critics point out that it is impossible to remember exact phrases from extended conversations held many years earlier.       Critics have also questioned the memoir’s account of the Chevalier’s escape from a notorious prison in Venice, Italy. He claims to have escaped the Venetian prison by using a piece of metal to make a hole in the ceiling and climbing through the roof. Critics claim that while such a daring escape makes for enjoyable reading, it is more likely that the Chevalier’s jailers were bribed to free him. They point out that the Chevalier had a number of politically well-connected friends in Venice who could have offered a bribe.

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Now you will see a question that asks you to summarize the points made in the lecture and to explain how they cast doubt on points made in the reading passage. If this were an actual TOEFL iBT test, you would have 20 minutes to write your response. In this practice test, write your response and then select continue to see the sample responses. Sample responses will be shown on the right. Read the responses. When you are finished, select Continue.

Directions: Read the question below.  You have 20 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay.  Typically an effective response will contain a minimum of 150 - 225 words.

Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.

Help:  Writing

         

Keys: Tab - If the cursor is at the beginning of a line, clicking on the Tab key will indent the line. Backspace - removes text to the left of the cursor Delete - removes text to the right of the cursor

Click on Hide to remove the word count. Click on Show to show the word count.

Undo - will reverse, or cancel, your last action

Paste - To put text in a new spot   - higlight the text   - click on Cut   - click on the spot where you want to place          the text   - click on Paste

Cut - To delete something you have typed   - highlight the text   - click on Cut .

Click on Return to Question to continue.

Your writing time has expired.   Please click on Continue to see the sample responses.

Sample Responses

Question 2 of 2

Independent Writing Task Directions

For this task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue. If this were an actual TOEFL iBT test, you would have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your essay will be judged on the quality of your writing. This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas. In this practice test, write your response and then select continue to see the sample responses. Sample responses will be shown on the right. Read the responses. When you are finished, select Continue.

Read the question below.  You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay.  Typically an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.

Directions:

Question: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

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Make sure your headset is on.

Click Continue to go on.

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COMMENTS

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    TOEFL essay templates can help you answer both of the TOEFL writing questions. To write a strong TOEFL essay just fill in the blanks with the required information from your notes (in the integrated essay) or from your ideas (the writing for an academic discussion task). ... Submit your practice TOEFL essays for evaluation by the author of this ...

  8. Free Sample TOEFL Essays

    The following free sample TOEFL essays illustrate how to get a high score on the independent writing section of the iBT. By reading through the essays, you can learn how to: develop any topic into a well-organized, logical answer; use synonyms to paraphrase the question; use a variety of sentence structures & grammatical forms; begin with a ...

  9. Master the TOEFL Independent Essay (2023)

    Contains new question styles and templates updated for 2023, sample essays and grammar advice. Here's how the TOEFL Independent writing question works: It is the second writing question on the TOEFL Test You will be asked a question about your personal opinion and be given 30 minutes to write about it. Questions can be about any topics, but ...

  10. PDF TOEFL iBT Writing Practice Questions

    TOEFL iBT® Writing Practice Questions This document may contain some question ... Writing Practice Set 2 (Independent): Question. Directions: Read the question below. Give . yourself 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words. Reading Time:

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