define assignment real property

Assignment Definition

Investing Strategy , Jargon, Legal, Terminology, Title

Table of Contents

• What Is an Assignment?
• What is an Assignment in Real Estate?
• What Does it Mean to Assign a Contract in Real Estate?
• How Does a Contract Assignment Work?
• Pros and Cons of Assigning Contracts

REtipster does not provide legal advice. The information in this article can be impacted by many unique variables. Always consult with a qualified legal professional before taking action.

An assignment or assignment of contract is a way to profit from a real estate transaction without becoming the owner of the property.

The assignment method is a standard tool in a real estate wholesaler’s kit and lowers the barrier to entry for a real estate investor because it does not require the wholesaler to use much (or any) of their own money to profit from a deal.

Contract assignment is a common wholesaling strategy where the seller and the wholesaler (acting as a middleman in this case) sign an agreement giving the wholesaler the sole right to buy a property at a specified price, within a certain period of time.

The wholesaler then finds another buyer and assigns the contract to him or her. The wholesaler isn’t selling the property to the end buyer because the wholesaler never takes title to the property during the process. The wholesaler is simply selling the contract, which gives the end buyer the right to buy the property in accordance with the original purchase agreement.

In doing this, the wholesaler can earn an assignment fee for putting the deal together.

Some states require a real estate wholesaler to be a licensed real estate agent, and the assignment strategy can’t be used for HUD homes and REOs.

The process for assigning a contract follows some common steps. In summary, it looks like this:

• Find the right property.
• Get a purchase agreement signed.
• Find an end buyer.
• Assign the contract.
• Close the transaction and collect your assignment fee.

We describe each step in the process below.

1. Find the Right Property

This is where the heavy lifting happens—investors use many different marketing tactics to find leads and identify properties that work with their investing strategy. Typically, for wholesaling to work, a wholesaler needs a motivated seller who wants to unload the property as soon as possible. That sense of urgency works to the wholesaler’s advantage in negotiating a price that will attract buyers and cover their assignment fee.

RELATED: What is “Driving for Dollars” and How Does It Work?

2. Get a Purchase Agreement Signed

Once a motivated seller has agreed to sell their property at a discounted price, they will sign a purchase agreement with the wholesaler. The purchase agreement needs to contain specific, clear language that allows the wholesaler (for example, you) to assign their rights in the agreement to a third party.

Note that most standard purchase agreements do not include this language by default. If you plan to assign this contract, make sure this language is included. You can consult an attorney to cover the correct verbiage in a way that the seller understands it.

RELATED: Wholesaling Made Simple! A Comprehensive Guide to Assigning Contracts

This can’t be stressed enough: It’s extremely important for a wholesaler to communicate with their seller about their intent to assign the contract. Many sellers are not familiar with the assignment process, so if the role of the buyer is going to change along the way, the seller needs to be aware of this on or before they sign the original purchase agreement.

3. Find an End Buyer

This is the other half of a wholesaler’s job—marketing to find buyers. Once they find an end buyer, the wholesaler can assign the contract to the new party and work with the original seller and the end buyer to schedule a closing date.

4. Assign the Contract

Assigning the contract works through a simple assignment agreement. This agreement allows the end buyer to step into the wholesaler’s shoes as the buyer in the original contract.

In other words, this document “replaces” the wholesaler with the new end buyer.

Most assignment contracts include language for a nonrefundable deposit from the end buyer, which protects the wholesaler if the buyer backs out. While you can download assignment contract templates online, most experts recommend having an attorney review your contracts. The assignment wording has to be precise and comply with applicable local laws to protect you from issues down the road.

5. Close the Transaction and Collect the Assignment Fee

Finally, you will receive your assignment fee (or wholesale fee) when the end buyer closes the deal.

The assignment fee is often the difference between the original purchase price (the price that the seller agreed with the wholesaler) and the end buyer’s purchase price (the price the wholesaler agreed with the end buyer), but it can also be a percentage of it or even a flat amount.

According to UpCounsel, most contract assignments are done for about $5,000, although depending on the property and the market, it could be higher or lower.

IMPORTANT: the end buyer will see precisely how much the assignment fee is. This is because they must sign two documents that show the original price and the assignment fee: the closing statement and the assignment agreement, respectively, to close the transaction.

In many cases, if the assignment fee is a reasonable amount relative to the purchase price, most buyers won’t take any issue with the wholesaler taking their fee—after all, the wholesaler made the deal happen, and it’s compensation for their efforts. However, if the assignment fee is too big (such as the wholesaler taking $20,000 from an original purchase price of $10,000, while the end buyer buys it for $50,000), it may ruffle some feathers and lead to uncomfortable questions.

In these instances where the wholesaler has a substantially higher profit margin, a wholesaler can instead do a double closing . In a double closing, the wholesaler closes two separate deals (one with the seller and another with the buyer) on the same day, but the seller and buyer cannot see the numbers and overall profit margin the wholesaler makes between the two transactions. This makes a double closing a much safer way to conclude a transaction.

Assigning contracts is a way to lower the barrier to entry for many new real estate investors; because they don’t need to put up their own money to buy a property or assume any risk in financing a deal.

The wholesaler isn’t part of the title chain, which streamlines the process and avoids the hassle of closing two times. Compared to the double-close strategy, assignment contracts require less paperwork and are usually less costly (because there is only one closing occurring, rather than two separate transactions).

On the downside, the wholesaler has to sell the property as-is, because they don’t own it at any point and they cannot make repairs or renovations to make the property look more attractive to a potential buyer. Financing may be much more difficult for the end buyer because many mortgage lenders won’t work with assigned contracts. Purchase Agreements also have expiration dates, which means the wholesaler has a limited window of time to find an end buyer and get the deal done.

Being successful with assignment contracts usually comes down to excellent marketing, networking, and communication between all parties involved. It’s all about developing strategies to find the right properties and having a solid network of investors you can assign them to quickly.

It’s also critical to be aware of any applicable laws in the jurisdiction where the wholesaler is working and holding any licenses required for these kinds of real estate transactions.

Related terms

Double closing, wholesaling (real estate wholesaling), transactional funding.

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Assignment is a legal term whereby an individual, the “assignor,” transfers rights, property, or other benefits to another known as the “ assignee .”   This concept is used in both contract and property law.  The term can refer to either the act of transfer or the rights /property/benefits being transferred.

Contract Law   

Under contract law, assignment of a contract is both: (1) an assignment of rights; and (2) a delegation of duties , in the absence of evidence otherwise.  For example, if A contracts with B to teach B guitar for $50, A can assign this contract to C.  That is, this assignment is both: (1) an assignment of A’s rights under the contract to the $50; and (2) a delegation of A’s duty to teach guitar to C.  In this example, A is both the “assignor” and the “delegee” who d elegates the duties to another (C), C is known as the “ obligor ” who must perform the obligations to the assignee , and B is the “ assignee ” who is owed duties and is liable to the “ obligor ”.

(1) Assignment of Rights/Duties Under Contract Law

There are a few notable rules regarding assignments under contract law.  First, if an individual has not yet secured the contract to perform duties to another, he/she cannot assign his/her future right to an assignee .  That is, if A has not yet contracted with B to teach B guitar, A cannot assign his/her rights to C.  Second, rights cannot be assigned when they materially change the obligor ’s duty and rights.  Third, the obligor can sue the assignee directly if the assignee does not pay him/her.  Following the previous example, this means that C ( obligor ) can sue B ( assignee ) if C teaches guitar to B, but B does not pay C $50 in return.

            (2) Delegation of Duties

If the promised performance requires a rare genius or skill, then the delegee cannot delegate it to the obligor.  It can only be delegated if the promised performance is more commonplace.  Further, an obligee can sue if the assignee does not perform.  However, the delegee is secondarily liable unless there has been an express release of the delegee.  That is, if B does want C to teach guitar but C refuses to, then B can sue C.  If C still refuses to perform, then B can compel A to fulfill the duties under secondary liability.

Lastly, a related concept is novation , which is when a new obligor substitutes and releases an old obligor.  If novation occurs, then the original obligor’s duties are wiped out. However, novation requires an original obligee’s consent .  

Property Law

Under property law, assignment typically arises in landlord-tenant situations.  For example, A might be renting from landlord B but wants to another party (C) to take over the property.   In this scenario, A might be able to choose between assigning and subleasing the property to C.  If assigning , A would be giving C the entire balance of the term, with no reversion to anyone whereas if subleasing , A would be giving C for a limited period of the remaining term.  Significantly, under assignment C would have privity of estate with the landlord while under a sublease, C would not. 

[Last updated in May of 2020 by the Wex Definitions Team ]

• business law
• landlord & tenant
• property & real estate law
• trusts, inheritances & estates
• wex definitions

What Is an Assignment of Contract? [How It Works In Real Estate]

What Is an Assignment of Contract?

One intriguing strategy in real estate investing that often stirs interest among newbie investors is the assignment of contracts. This approach, which allows an investor to pass the contractual rights and obligations of a property purchase contract to another buyer, is seen to provide highly profitable opportunities.  

If you are an investor who wants to try this technique to achieve financial freedom, this blog is for you! Here, we'll delve into the nitty-gritty of contract assignment, explaining its mechanism, benefits, potential pitfalls, and the crucial steps involved. We hope that after reading this blog, you can navigate the real estate market with confidence!

What Is an Assignment of a Contract in Real Estate?

In real estate wholesaling, an investor agrees to buy a personal property, often at a below-market price, then assigns the contract to a different buyer, often another investor, for a higher price. 

The difference between the contracted price and the price paid by the end buyer represents the wholesaler's profit, known as the assignment fee. 

For example, an investor might secure a contract to purchase a personal property for $100,000, then find an end buyer or new party willing to pay $120,000 for the same property. By assigning the contract to the end buyer, the investor earns a $20,000 assignment fee. 

However, it's crucial to note that not all real estate contracts can be freely assigned. Some contracts may include a "no assignment" clause that prevents the transfer of the contract to another party. 

Thus, an investor needs to ensure that assigning contractual rights is allowed before proceeding with this strategy. If an assignment clause is not present in the contract, the investor may need to negotiate with the original party or owner to include in the contract rights it or find an alternate method to transfer the property to a new party.

In essence, an assignment contract is a way for real estate investors to connect sellers and buyers, while generating a profit from the transaction without needing to purchase, own, or manage the property themselves. It's a strategy that requires careful planning, thorough due diligence, and an understanding of real estate laws and market conditions.

Assignment Contract vs. Double Closing

Both assignment contracts and double closings are strategies used in real estate investing, particularly wholesaling, but they function differently.

As previously discussed, an assignment of contract involves the wholesaler (assignor) transferring their contractual rights in a property purchase agreement to another party (assignee), typically another investor. 

The wholesaler never actually purchases the property . Instead, they sell their contract to buy the property. The assignee pays an assignment fee to the wholesaler, then proceeds to close the deal with the original seller. In this arrangement, the end buyer is aware of the wholesaler's profit.

Meanwhile, double closing , also known as a "simultaneous close," involves the wholesaler actually purchasing the property before quickly reselling it to the end buyer. This is perhaps the main difference between the two.

Essentially, there are two separate transactions: one where the wholesaler buys from the original seller and another where the wholesaler sells to the end buyer. 

Both transactions of the contract occurs back-to-back, even on the same day. The wholesaler uses the funds from the end buyer to pay the original seller and keeps the difference as profit. This approach allows the wholesaler's profit to remain hidden from all parties.

Is an Assignment Contract Considered Legal?

Yes, an assignment contract is generally considered legal in real estate transactions. It is a common practice, especially in real estate investing and wholesaling.

However, the legality can depend on several factors, including the terms of the original contract and the laws in a particular area.

Some contracts may disallow assignment through a clause that "prohibits the assignment of the contract without the consent of the other party." In such cases, assignment of the written contract without consent would violate public policy and could potentially lead to legal repercussions. This may also encourage litigation.

Additionally, while an assignment contract is generally legal, some states in the U.S. have specific rules and regulations about how real estate contract assignments and wholesaling, more generally, should be conducted. 

Some require specific disclosures to be given to the other party to the contract or have particular rules about how the transaction can be advertised. Some do not also allow material alteration, In some jurisdictions, regular wholesaling activity might require a real estate license, contract expiration date for commercial contracts, etc.

Pros and Cons of Assignment of Contract in Real Estate

The assignment of contracts in real estate comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages, which investors need to consider carefully before entering any deal.

To help you decide if this real estate investing strategy is indeed for you, read the following pros and cons.

Pros of Assignment of Contract

• Less Capital Required: Because the wholesaler is simply assigning the contract and not actually purchasing the property, less capital is required compared to traditional real estate transactions.
• Profit Potential: Assigning a contract can be profitable, especially when properties are secured under market value and the seller and buyer guarantees performance. The difference between the contract agreement price from the assignee and the purchase price the end buyer pays can result in significant earnings.
• Faster Transactions: Assignments often lead to faster transactions as the assignor is not taking possession of the property. They don't have to do heavy obligations such as a title search, contact a company to make repairs, etc. Once a suitable assignee is found, the existing contract can be assigned and the transaction completed.

Cons of Assignment of Contract

• Dependent on Buyers: Wholesalers are reliant on finding end buyers and getting a closing date. If an assignee can't be found in time, the wholesaler may be forced to back out of the deal or risk legal consequences.
• Limited Control: The wholesaler doesn't own the property and therefore has limited control over it. They can't make improvements or changes to increase its value since it isn't part of their obligations.
• Transparency of Profit: In an assignment, the assignee can see how much profit the assignor is making, which could potentially lead to negotiations or dissatisfaction in the obligations. But, of course, the assignor warrants that the fee is fair.
• Legal Considerations: You cannot assign rights to all types of contracts, and the federal government law may have specific regulations around how assignments work. Wholesalers must be aware of the legal landscape to ensure they conduct business following the law and that the two parties they will involve know the legal term of transfer.

Steps in Contract Assignment in Real Estate

Contract assignment in real estate can be a profitable strategy when done correctly. Each step in this process requires careful attention to detail and due diligence so as not to break the law. It is ideal to consult with a real estate attorney or other professionals before doing any transfer of property.

Nevertheless, here are the steps typically involved in a contract assignment in real estate.

Step 1. Find the Right Investment Property

The first step in contract assignment is identifying a suitable investment property. You need to find a property that can be purchased under market value and resold at a profit. 

This could be a distressed property, a foreclosed property, or simply a property that a seller needs to unload quickly. Market research and property analysis are critical at this stage.

Step 2. Prepare the Real Estate Contract 

Once a property has been identified, you need to prepare a real estate purchase agreement. This is the contract agreement that you will eventually assign to another buyer. It's crucial that this original contract either expressly allows for assignment or at least does not prohibit it.

If you are using a template from others or it has a trade name, make sure you are not going against the intellectual property law. There are already certain claims in the past about this, so be cautious.

Step 3. Submit the Contract

After preparing the original contract, it needs to be submitted to the seller. The seller may accept the contract as is, reject it outright, or propose changes. If changes are proposed, negotiations will take place until an agreement is reached. 

Step 4. Find an End Buyer Who Will Accept the Contractual Obligations

With an accepted contract in hand, you can now seek an end buyer to whom the contract will be assigned.

This could be another investor or a traditional homebuyer. Marketing the original contract can involve networking, advertising on real estate platforms, or working with a real estate agent.

Step 5. Assign the Contract to an End Buyer

After identifying an end buyer, you will assign or transfer the existing contract agreement to them (this may be an individual or a real estate company).

This involves an assignment agreement, which transfers your contractual rights and obligations under the original purchase contract agreement to one party or the end buyer (real estate company or investor).

The assignment agreement should clearly outline the original terms of the assignment, including the assignment fee that you, as the assignor, will receive.

Step 6. Collect the Fee

After the assignment agreement has been signed and transferred on the closing date, you can collect the assignment fee from one party. This is your profit from the assignment contract transaction.

The closing process then proceeds between the original seller and the end buyer, without any further involvement on your part. The property ownership will be transferred to the end buyer and you would no longer have any responsibilities or duties with them.

Final Thoughts: What are Assignment Contracts? [How Does Assignment of Contract Work in Real Estate]

Whether you're a seasoned real estate wholesaler or just starting, it's clear that understanding assignment contracts and how they function within the real estate sector can open doors to new opportunities and potentially profitable ventures. 

With the right approach, a keen understanding of the property market, negotiation skills, thorough due diligence, and creativity, these contracts can be your main income stream.

If you want to find leads on properties that you can assign to another buyer, reach out to us at Property Leads . We offer highly motivated seller leads in your target area for a very reasonable price. We guarantee a high conversion rate since we generate our leads through SEO.

Fill out our form below to start finding the best contract reassignment deals!

PROPERTY LEADS

30 N Gould St Ste N Sheridan, WY 82801 (207) 309-3949 [email protected]

Assigning Real Estate Contracts: Everything You Need to Know

Assigning real estate contracts refers to a method of earning money from buying and selling real estate. You find a seller who is eager to sell their property at a price that is far below its market value. 3 min read updated on July 10, 2020

Assigning real estate contracts refers to a method of earning money from buying and selling real estate. You find a seller who is eager to sell their property at a price that is far below its market value. Then, you find a buyer willing to pay a higher price for it.

How Contract Assignment Works

The first thing you need to do for contract assignment is to find a motivated seller. This is a person who owns a property, and for some reason, needs to sell in a hurry. This is generally because of a problem they are having, such as needing to move to a new home quickly. You'll need to be able to tell the difference between this sort of seller and someone who isn't in so much of a hurry to sell, and perhaps just wants to know what the property is worth.

You can find motivated sellers by placing ads in the newspaper, marketing on the internet, or sending direct mail. A combination of strategies works best.

The next thing you need to do is to obtain an assignment contract document. You can find templates on the web, but it's a good idea to have an attorney look it over before signing anything. That way, you will know that everything is completely legal. You will also be able to use that attorney if things don't work out as planned.

After the contract is signed, you submit it to a title company or an attorney who handles real estate closings. They will then do a title search. This ensures there are no existing liens against the property. This step is crucial because you do not want to buy a property that has a problem with the title. The title company is objective and independent and therefore makes sure everything is fair and legal.

At this point, you may search for a buyer. This will require more marketing strategies and can be a difficult process, but when you do find a buyer, you can move on to the next step - closing on the property. You'll need to collect a non-refundable deposit known as “earnest money” to make sure the buyer won't back out. If the buyer does change their mind, you get to keep the earnest money. This amount can be determined by you or the buyer.

Next, you get paid! The amount you receive will cover the amount you agreed to pay the property seller, along with an amount you get to keep in return for finding the buyer and making the transaction happen.

While this process takes place, you should make sure the seller understands how the process works , and that you will make a profit from the transaction. Otherwise, either the seller or buyer may decide they don't like the idea of your profiting from the sale and may back out. Reassure the seller that they are still getting the amount agreed upon for the sale.

Most contract assignments are done for $5,000 profit or less, but you can do it for a higher amount if you choose. If problems arise, it's possible to do a double or simultaneous closing, thereby keeping both parts of the sale separate and anonymous. Some title companies may not agree to do this, so if it becomes an issue, you should discuss it in advance.

Drawbacks of Contract Assignment

Contract assignment, or wholesaling, can be a  profitable venture , but there are a few pitfalls to watch out for, such as:

• You cannot make any repairs or renovations to the property because you do not own it at any point.
• You cannot offer any type of financing to the buyer.
• You must get the sale accomplished within a short amount of time before the contract expires.
• The process of closing on the property is detailed and can be complicated.
• You must find a buyer who is willing to pay in cash because it's hard to find a lender who will approve a mortgage for an assigned contract.

You also need to check the laws in your state, because in some states it is not legal to market a property that you don't own.

If you need more information or help with assigning real estate contracts, you can post your legal need on UpCounsel's marketplace. UpCounsel accepts only the top 5 percent of lawyers to its site. Lawyers on UpCounsel come from law schools such as Harvard Law and Yale Law and average 14 years of legal experience, including work with or on behalf of companies like Google, Menlo Ventures, and Airbnb.

Hire the top business lawyers and save up to 60% on legal fees

Content Approved by UpCounsel

• Property Contracts
• Sample Real Estate Contracts
• Land Sale Contracts
• Commercial Real Estate Contract Provisions
• Deed Contract Agreement
• Assignment Of Contracts
• Define Subject to Contract
• As Is Sales Contract
• Bill of Sale Land Contract
• Extension Addendum to Contract

General Principles of Assignments in Real Estate Transactions

Assume a seller, ABC Company, enters into a contract to sell a parcel of land (referred to here as “Blackacre”) to Ms. Green. Ms. Green subsequently assigns her interest in the contract to Mr. Smith. Such assignments of contracts of purchase and sale raise a number of practical issues—e.g. notice to the seller, payment for the assignment, and transfer of the deposit—that affect not only the seller but also the original purchaser and the eventual purchaser. A party wishing to assign its interest in a contract of purchase and sale to a new party should not assume that the matter is as simple as entering into an assignment with the new party and then walking away and forgetting about the contract.

A real estate contract will often contain provisions that limit or prohibit an assignment of a party’s interest in the contract. If the contract is silent as to the rights to the parties to assign their interests in the contract, then the rights of the parties, with few exceptions, can be assigned. Normally, assignments of contracts relating to the purchase and sale of real estate involve the purchaser assigning its interest in the contract; however, it is not unheard of to have the seller assign its interest in the contract.

In our scenario, to be binding on it as the seller, ABC Company must be given notice of the assignment, although it does not have to receive a copy of the assignment or the business terms relating to the assignment. If ABC Company has been given notice that Ms. Green’s interest in the contract has been assigned, it may be concerned that she is ‘flipping’ her interest in the contract for a profit. Consequently, ABC Company may wish to seek advice as to whether the contract is enforceable.

Assuming that Mr. Smith is paying Ms. Green a specified amount of money for the assignment, the question arises as to when this money will be paid. Ms. Green will want the money to be paid when they enter into the assignment but Mr. Smith will want to pay at the time that they complete the purchase and sale of Blackacre. In most cases, the latter time period is the norm but, in any case, money paid for an assignment is subject to the Goods and Services Tax.

Ms. Green will likely have paid a deposit to ABC Company pursuant to the contract and will want the deposit to be repaid to her at the time of the assignment rather than having to wait until the purchase and sale of Blackacre is completed. It would not be unusual for Mr. Smith to reimburse the deposit to Ms. Green at the time that they enter into the assignment.

Mr. Smith should look to obtain assurances by way of representations and warranties from Ms. Green that the contract to purchase Blackacre is in full force and effect and that her interest can be assigned to him. In turn, Ms. Green should look to obtain representations and warranties from Mr. Smith that he will fulfill her obligations to complete the purchase of Blackacre since an assignment will not release Ms. Green of her obligations under the contract unless such release is specifically provided for—and has been agreed to by ABC Company.

Frequently, and contrary to the scenario presented here, a contract for a real estate transaction will often limit the right of the purchaser to assign its interest in the contract. A common limitation is that “. . . the purchaser may only assign its interest in the contract with the consent of the seller, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.” In most cases, it would not be unreasonable for the seller to insist that the assignee contract directly with the seller to fulfill the obligations of the assignor under the contract so that, if there is a default, the seller has the right to seek remedies against both the assignor and the assignee.

So long as all parties to a contract of purchase and sale are aware of their rights and obligations, the completion of a purchase and sale where a contract has been assigned can and should proceed in a straightforward manner.

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10 Essential Things to Know About Real Estate Assignment Sales (for Sellers)

— We take our content seriously. This article was written by a real person at BREL.

What’s an assignment?

An assignment is when a Seller sells their interest in a property before they take possession – in other words, they sell the contract they have with the Builder to a new purchaser. When a Seller assigns a property, they aren’t actually selling the property (because they don’t own it yet) – they are selling their promise to purchase it, along with the rights and obligations of their Agreement of Purchase and Sale contract.  The Buyer of an assignment is essentially stepping into the shoes of the original purchaser.

The original purchaser is considered to be the Assignor; the new Buyer is the Assignee. The Assignee is the one who will complete the final sale with the Builder.

Do assignments only happen with pre-construction condos?

It’s possible to assign any type of property, pre-construction or resale, provided there aren’t restrictions against assignment in the original contract. An assignment allows a Buyer of a any kind of home to sell their interest in that property before they take possession of it.

Why would someone want to assign a condo?

Often with pre-construction sales, there’s a long time lag between when the original contract is entered into, when the Buyer can move in (the interim occupancy period) and the final closing. It’s not uncommon for a Buyer’s circumstances to change during that time…new job out of the city, new husband or wife, new set of twins, etc. What worked for a Buyer’s lifestyle 4 years ago doesn’t always work come closing time.

Another common reason why people want to assign a contract is financial. Sometimes, the original purchaser doesn’t have the funds or can’t get the financing to complete the sale, and it’s cheaper to assign the contract to a new purchaser, than it is to renege on the sale.

Lastly, assignment sales are also common with speculative investors who buy pre-construction properties with no intention of closing on them. In these cases, the investors are banking on quick price appreciation and are eager to lock in a profit now, vs. waiting for the original closing date.

What can be negotiated in an assignment sale?

Because the Assignee is taking over the original purchaser’s contract, they can’t renegotiate the price or terms of the contract with the Builder – they are simply taking over the contract as it already exists, and as you negotiated it.

In most cases, the Assignee will mirror the deposit that you made to the Builder…so if you made a 20% deposit, you can expect the new purchaser to do the same.

Most Sellers of assignments are looking to make a profit, and part of an assignment sale negotiation is agreeing on price. Your real estate agent can guide you on price, which will determine your profit (or loss).

Builder Approval and Fees

Remember that huge legal document you signed when you made an offer to buy a pre-construction condo? It’s time to take it out and actually read it.

Your Agreement of Purchase & Sale stipulated your rights to assign the contract. While most builders allow assignments, there is usually an assignment fee that must be paid to the Builder (we’ve seen everything from $750 to $7,000).

There may be additional requirements as well, the most common being that the Builder has to approve the assignment.

Marketing Restrictions

Most pre-construction Agreements of Purchase & Sale from Toronto Builders do not allow the marketing of an assignment…so while the Builder may give you the right to assign your contract, they restrict you from posting it to the MLS or advertising it online. This makes selling an assignment extremely difficult…if people don’t know it’s available for sale, how they can possibly buy it?

While it may be very tempting to flout the no-marketing rule, BE VERY CAREFUL. Buyers guilty of marketing an assignment against the rules can be considered to have breached the Agreement, and the Builder can cancel your contract and keep your deposit.

We don’t recommend advertising an assignment for sale if it’s against the rules in your contract.

So how the heck can I find a Buyer?

There are REALTORS who specialize in assignment sales and have a database of potential Buyers and investors looking for assignments. If you want to be connected with an agent who knows the ins and outs of assignment sales, get in touch…we know some of the best assignment agents in Toronto.

What are the tax implications of real estate assignment?

Always get tax advice from a certified accountant, not from the internet (lol).

But in general, any profit made from an assignment is taxable (and any loss can be written off). The new Buyer or Assignee will be responsible for paying land transfer taxes and any HST that might be due.

How much does it cost to assign a pre-construction condo?

In addition to the Builder assignment fees, you will likely have to pay a real estate commission (unless you find the Buyer yourself) and legal fees. Because assignments are more complicated, you can expect to pay higher legal fees than you would for a resale property.

How does the closing of an assignment work?

With assignment sales, there are essentially 2 closings: the closing between the Assignor and the Assignee, and the closing between the Assignee and the Builder. With the first closing (the assignment closing) the original purchaser receives their deposit + any profit (or their deposit less any loss) from the Assignee. On the second closing (between the Builder and the Assignee), the Assignee pays the remaining amount to the Builder (usually with the help of a mortgage), and pays land transfer taxes. Title of the property transfers from the Builder to the Assignee at this point.

I suppose it could be said that there is a third closing too, when the Buyer takes possession of the property but doesn’t yet own it…this is known as the interim occupancy period. The interim occupancy occurs when the unit is ready to be occupied, but not ready to be registered with the city. Interim occupancy periods in Toronto range from a few months to a few years. During the interim occupancy period, the Buyer occupies the unit and pays the Builder an amount roughly equal to what their mortgage payment + condo fees + taxes would be. The timing of the assignment will dictate who completes the interim occupancy.

Assignments vs. Resale: Which is Better?

We often get calls from people who are debating whether they should assign a condo they bought, or wait for the building to register and then sell it as a typical resale condo.

Pros of Assigning vs. Waiting

• Get your deposit back and lock in your profit sooner
• Avoid paying land transfer taxes
• Avoid paying HST
• Maximize your return if prices are declining and you expect them to continue to decline
• Lifestyle – sometimes it just makes sense to move on

Cons of Assigning vs Waiting

• The pool of Buyers for assignment sales is much smaller than the pool of Buyers for resale properties, which could result in the sale taking a long time, getting a lower price than you would if you waited, or both.
• Marketing restrictions are annoying and reduce the chances of finding a Buyer
• Price – What is market value? If the condo building hasn’t registered and there haven’t been any resales yet, it can be difficult to determine how much the property is now worth. Assignment sales tend to sell for less than resale.
• Assignment sales can be complicated, so you want to make sure that you’re working with an agent who is experienced with assignment sales, and a good lawyer.

Still thinking of assignment your condo or house ? Get in touch and we’ll connect you with someone who specializes in assignment sales and can take you through the process.

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Raj Singh says:

What can be things to look for, especially determining market value for an assigned condo? I’m the assignee.

Sydonia Moton says:

Y would u need a lawyer when u buy a assignment property

Gideon Gyohannes says:

Good clear information!

Who pays the assignment fee to the developer? Assignor or Assignee?

Thanks Gideon 416 4591919

Melanie Piche says:

It’s almost always the Seller (though I suppose could be a point of negotiation).

Fiona Rourke says:

If there are 2 names on the agreement and 1 wants to leave and the other wants to remain… does the removing of 1 purchaser constitute an assignment

Brendan Powell says:

An assignment is one way to add or remove people from a contract, but not the only way…and not the simplest. Speak to your lawyer for advice on what makes the most sense for your specific situation. For a straightforward resale purchase you could probably just do an amendment signed by all parties. If it’s a preconstruction purchase with various deposits paid, etc it could be more complicated.

Katerina says:

Depends on the Developer. Some of them remove names via assignments only.

Haroon says:

Is there any difference in transaction process If assigner or seller of a pre constructio condo is a non resident ? Is seller required to get a clearance certificate from cRA to complete the transaction ?

Nathalie says:

Hello , i would like to know the exact steps for reassignment property please.

Amazing info. Thanks team. I may just touch base with you when my property in Stoney Creek is completed in. 2020. I may need to reassign it to someone Thanks

Victoria Bachlowa says:

If an assignor renegs on the deal and refuses to close because they figured out they could get more money and the assignment was already approved by the builder and all conditions fulfilled what can the Assignee do. I have $33,000 dollars in trust in the real estate’s trust fund. They sent me a mutual release which I have not signed. The interim occupancy is Feb. 1 and the closing is schedule for Mar. 1, 2019. I have financing in place, was ready to move in Feb. 1 and I have no where to live.

Definitely talk to your lawyer right away. They’ll want to look at your agreement of purchase and sale and will be able to advise you.

With assignment sales, there are essentially 2 closings: the closing between the Assignor and the Assignee, and the closing between the Assignee and the Builder. With the first closing (the assignment closing) the original purchaser receives their deposit + any profit (or their deposit less any loss) from the Assignee. Can I assume that these closing happen at the same time? I’m not sure how and when I would be paid as the Assignor.

What happens to the deposits or any profits already paid if the developer cancels the project after an assignment?

Hi, Did you get answer to this? I did an assignment sale last year and now the builder is not completing apparently and they are asking for their money back. Can they do that? After legal transactions, the lawyer simply said “the deal didn’t go through”. Apparently builder and the person who assumed the assignment agreed on taking out the deal. What do I have to pay back after it was done a year ago

This is definitely a question for your lawyer – as realtors we are not involved in that part of the transaction. I would expect that just as the builder would have to refund your deposits, you would likely need to do the same…but talk to your lawyer. As to whether the builder can cancel a project, yes they always reserve that right (but the details of how and under what circumstances would be in your original purchase agreement). It’s one of the annoying risks in buying preconstruction!

I completed the sale of my assignment in Dec 2015 however the CRA says I should be reporting the capital income in 2016 when the assignee closed his deal with the developer in July 2016. That makes no sense to me since I got all my money in Dec 2015. Can you supply any clarification on that CRA policy please?

You’d have to talk to the CRA or an accountant – we’re real estate agents,so we can’t give tax advice.

Hassan says:

Hello, You said that there are two closings. The first one between the assignor and the assignee and the second one between the builder and the new buyer (assignee). My question is that in the first closing does the assignee have to pay the assignor the deposit they have paid and any profit in cash or will the bank add this to the assignee’s mortgage?

The person doing the assigning usually gets their money at the first closing.

Kathy says:

What is the typical real estate free to assign your contract with the builder ?

Hi Kathy While we do few assignments (as they are rarely successful, and builders do not make it easy), in past we have charged more or less the same as we do for a typical resale listing. While there are elements to assignments that should be easier than a resale (eg staging), many other aspects of assignments are much MORE time-consuming, and the risk much higher since attempts to find a buyer for assignments are often unsuccessful. It’s also important to note that due to the extra complication, lawyer’s fees to assign are typically higher than resale as well–although more $ for the purchase side vs the sale side.

Mitul Patel says:

If assignee has paid small amount of deposit plus the original 25% deposit that the assignor has paid to the builder and gets the Keys to the unit since interim possession has been completed, when the condo registration is done and assignee is getting mortgage from the Bank or Pays the remaining balance to the Builder using his savings and decides not to pay the Balance of the Profit amount to Assignor, what are the possibilities in this kind of scenario?

You’d need to talk to a lawyer to find out the options.

David says:

How much exactly do brokers get paid at sale of Assignment? i.e. Would the broker’s fee be a % of your assignment selling price or your home’s selling price? I’m really looking for a clear answer.

I am using this website’s calculator associated with selling your home in Ontario. But there is no information on selling assignments. https://wowa.ca/calculators/commission-calculator-ontario

Realtors set their own commission, so there is no set fee- that website is likely the commission that that agent offers. We often see commissions of 4-5% for assignments. The fee is a % of the price of the assignment – for example, you originally bought for $500K; you’re now assigning for $600K – commission would be payable on the $600K.

Candace says:

Question: if i bought a pre construction condo, can i sell it as soon as it closes or do i have to live in it for 1 year after closing in order to avoid capital gains taxes?

Or does the 1 year start as soon as you move in?

I would suggest you talk to your accountant re: HST credit implications and capital gains, but if you sell it for more than you paid for it, capital gains usually apply.

You mention avoid paying HST when you assign your property. What is the HST based on? It’s not a commercial property that you would pay HST. Explain. Thanks.

HST and assignments are complex and this question is best answered specific to your situation by your accountant and real estate lawyer. In some cases HST is applicable on assignment profits – more details can be found on the CRA website here:

https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/forms-publications/publications/gi-120/assignment-a-purchase-sale-agreement-a-new-house-condominium-unit.html

If you are a podcast listener, the true condos podcast is also a great resource.

https://truecondos.com/cra-cracking-down-on-assignments/

heres one for your comment, purchase pre construction from builder beginning of 2021, to be finished end of 2021, (semi detached) here we are end of 2022, both units are now ready. Had one assigned but because builder didnt accept within certain time frame(they also had a 90 day clause wherein we couldnt assign prior to 90 less firm closing date (WHICH MOVED 4 TIMES). Anyrate now we have a new assinor but the builder says we are in default from the first one and wants 50k to do the assignment (the agreement lists the possibility of assigning for 12k) Also this deal would include us loosing our whole deposit and paying the 12k(plus fees) would be in addition too the 130k we are already loosing. The second property we are trying to close but interest rates are riducous, together with closing costs(currently mortgage company is asking that my wife be added to that one, afraid to even ask this builder. Any advice on how to deal with this asshole greedy builder? We are simply asking for assignment as per contract and a small extension for the new buyer(week or two) Appreciate any advice. Thank you

Dealing with builders/developers can be extremely painful, much worse than resale transactions in our experience. Their contracts are written to protect THEM. Unfortunately all I can say is follow the advice of your lawyer.

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• What is a Real Estate Assignment?

WHAT IS A REAL ESTATE ASSIGNMENT?

A real estate assignment is a transaction where the buyer, otherwise known as the assignor, transfers their legal rights and obligations under the agreement of purchase and sale to the assignee, who will then close the purchase transaction with the seller. During a real estate assignment, there will typically be two closings. The first closing will be between the assignor and the assignee, where the assignor may make a profit, remain whole, or take a loss on the assignment transaction. The second closing will be between the assignee and the builder or seller of the target property, where the assignee pays the remaining balance to the builder or seller for the property. It is important to note that assigning your rights to a third party may have tax implications. As such, it is important to consult an experienced accountant or business lawyer prior to engaging in a real estate assignment transaction.

In our experience, real estate assignments are more common with new-build homes as there is a long gap between the time when the agreement of purchase and sale is signed and when the transaction closes. During this time, the buyer’s financial or personal situation may change, leading to increased motivation to assign the transaction. In other scenarios, the assignor may simply be interested in “flipping” the property for a profit prior to closing. Generally, with new-build properties, the builder will specify in the agreement of purchase and sale if the buyer is entitled to an assignment transaction.

If the builder or seller has included the right to assign in the agreement of purchase and sale, they will typically include a fee to be paid by the buyer (i.e. the assignor) to allow the assignment to occur. The builder or seller may also include other stipulations, such as requiring approval of the prospective assignee or the prohibition on the marketing of the assignment. If you are a buyer in a real estate transaction, it is important to thoroughly review your agreement of purchase and sale to see if it includes the right to assign and if that right comes with any fees or restrictions. It may be possible to negotiate a reduction or complete removal of any assignment fees during the “cooling-off” period in a pre-construction condominium purchase.

If you are looking to assign your real estate transaction to a third party,   contact us  today to set up a consultation. Our real estate law team has the experience and knowledge to assist you throughout every step of the transaction.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this article is not to be construed as legal advice. The content is drafted and published only for the purpose of providing the public with general information regarding various real estate and business law topics. For legal advice, please contact us .

About the Author:

Shahriar Jahanshahi is the founder and principal lawyer at Jahanshahi Law Firm with a practice focus on representing business star-ups and investors in the province of Ontario. For further information about Shahriar Jahanshahi, click here .

Real Estate Law Insights

• Can a Lawyer Represent both the Lender And the Barrower In a the same Transaction?
• Can a Lawyer Represent both the Buyer and the Seller in a Real Estate Transaction?
• Understanding the Difference between Chattels and Fixtures
• Understanding the Difference Between Conditions and Warranties and Representations in Real Estate Transactions
• Understanding Easements, Encroachments, and Rights of Way in Real Estate Transactions
• How is Commission Paid to the Real Estate Agent(s)
• How to Invest in Private Mortgages in the Province of Ontario
• When is HST Payable on the Purchase Price of Real Estate in Ontario?
• Understanding the Difference Between Joint Tenancy and Tenants in Common
• What is a Power of Attorney?
• What is Title Insurance?
• What are the Typical Costs Involved in a Real Estate Transaction
• The Difference Between Variable and Fixed Rate Mortgages
• What is a Lender Fee?
• What is a Broker Fee?
• What are Mortgage Instructions?
• What are Standard Charge Terms?
• What is a CMHC Mortgage?
• What is the Cooling-Off Period for the Purchase of Pre-Construction Condominiums in Ontario?
• What is a Cross-Collateral Mortgage?
• What is a Real Estate Deposit?
• What is a Loan Agreement?
• What is a Mortgage Commitment?
• What is a Mortgage Guarantee?
• What is a Mortgage Investment Corporation?
• What is a Mortgage Term?
• What is a Prepayment Penalty?
• What is a Private Mortgage?
• What is a Property Survey?
• What is a Reverse Mortgage?
• What is a Statement of Adjustments?
• What is a Status Certificate?
• What is a Syndicated Mortgage?
• What is a Title Search?
• What is a Transfer Deed?
• What is a Real Estate Trust Agreement?
• What is an Amortization Period?
• What is an Appraisal?
• What is an Assignment of Rents?
• What is an Institutional Mortgage?
• What is an Occupancy Closing?
• What is Form 9D?
• What is Form 9E?
• What is Kitec Plumbing?
• What is Land Transfer Tax?
• What is the Role of a Lawyer in a Real Estate Transaction?
• What is the Role of Real Estate Agents in a Real Estate Transaction?

Assignment of Lease: How It Works and Parties Involved

Jump to section, what is an assignment of lease.

The assignment of lease is a title document that transfers all rights possessed by a lessee or tenant to a property to another party. The assignee takes the assignor’s place in the landlord-tenant relationship.

You can view an example of a lease assignment here .

How Lease Assignment Works

In cases where a tenant wants to or needs to get out of their lease before it expires, lease assignment provides a legal option to assign or transfer rights of the lease to someone else. For instance, if in a commercial lease a business leases a place for 12 months but the business moves or shuts down after 10 months, the person can transfer the lease to someone else through an assignment of the lease. In this case, they will not have to pay rent for the last two months as the new assigned tenant will be responsible for that.

However, before the original tenant can be released of any responsibilities associated with the lease, other requirements need to be satisfied. The landlord needs to consent to the lease transfer through a “License to Assign” document. It is crucial to complete this document before moving on to the assignment of lease as the landlord may refuse to approve the assignment.

Difference Between Assignment of Lease and Subletting

A transfer of the remaining interest in a lease, also known as assignment, is possible when implied rights to assign exist. Some leases do not allow assignment or sharing of possessions or property under a lease. An assignment ensures the complete transfer of the rights to the property from one tenant to another.

The assignor is no longer responsible for rent or utilities and other costs that they might have had under the lease. Here, the assignee becomes the tenant and takes over all responsibilities such as rent. However, unless the assignee is released of all liabilities by the landlord, they remain responsible if the new tenant defaults.

A sublease is a new lease agreement between the tenant (or the sublessor) and a third-party (or the sublessee) for a portion of the lease. The original lease agreement between the landlord and the sublessor (or original tenant) still remains in place. The original tenant still remains responsible for all duties set under the lease.

Here are some key differences between subletting and assigning a lease:

• Under a sublease, the original lease agreement still remains in place.
• The original tenant retains all responsibilities under a sublease agreement.
• A sublease can be for less than all of the property, such as for a room, general area, portion of the leased premises, etc.
• Subleasing can be for a portion of the lease term. For instance, a tenant can sublease the property for a month and then retain it after the third-party completes their month-long sublet.
• Since the sublease agreement is between the tenant and the third-party, rent is often negotiable, based on the term of the sublease and other circumstances.
• The third-party in a sublease agreement does not have a direct relationship with the landlord.
• The subtenant will need to seek consent of both the tenant and the landlord to make any repairs or changes to the property during their sublease.

Here is more on an assignment of lease here .

Parties Involved in Lease Assignment

There are three parties involved in a lease assignment – the landlord or owner of the property, the assignor and the assignee. The original lease agreement is between the landlord and the tenant, or the assignor. The lease agreement outlines the duties and responsibilities of both parties when it comes to renting the property. Now, when the tenant decides to assign the lease to a third-party, the third-party is known as the assignee. The assignee takes on the responsibilities laid under the original lease agreement between the assignor and the landlord. The landlord must consent to the assignment of the lease prior to the assignment.

For example, Jake is renting a commercial property for his business from Paul for two years beginning January 2013 up until January 2015. In January 2014, Jake suffers a financial crisis and has to close down his business to move to a different city. Jake doesn’t want to continue paying rent on the property as he will not be using it for a year left of the lease. Jake’s friend, John would soon be turning his digital business into a brick-and-mortar store. John has been looking for a space to kick start his venture. Jake can assign his space for the rest of the lease term to John through an assignment of lease. Jake will need to seek the approval of his landlord and then begin the assignment process. Here, Jake will be the assignor who transfers all his lease related duties and responsibilities to John, who will be the assignee.

You can read more on lease agreements here .

Image via Pexels by RODNAE

Assignment of Lease From Seller to Buyer

In case of a residential property, a landlord can assign his leases to the new buyer of the building. The landlord will assign the right to collect rent to the buyer. This will allow the buyer to collect any and all rent from existing tenants in that property. This assignment can also include the assignment of security deposits, if the parties agree to it. This type of assignment provides protection to the buyer so they can collect rent on the property.

The assignment of a lease from the seller to a buyer also requires that all tenants are made aware of the sale of the property. The buyer-seller should give proper notice to the tenants along with a notice of assignment of lease signed by both the buyer and the seller. Tenants should also be informed about the contact information of the new landlord and the payment methods to be used to pay rent to the new landlord.

You can read more on buyer-seller lease assignments here .

Get Help with an Assignment of Lease

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ContractsCounsel is not a law firm, and this post should not be considered and does not contain legal advice. To ensure the information and advice in this post are correct, sufficient, and appropriate for your situation, please consult a licensed attorney. Also, using or accessing ContractsCounsel's site does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and ContractsCounsel.

Meet some of our Assignment of Lease Lawyers

A corporate and commercial attorney with experience in transactional legal services including corporate and finance transactions, mergers and acquisitions, real estate, commercial contracts, bankruptcy, restructuring, international business transactions and general counsel services. Additional background skills and experience include investment banking, financial analysis, and commercial litigation. Sectors covered include technology, media, franchises, and business services providers, from start-ups to medium and large enterprises.

Daliah Saper operates a cutting-edge internet and social media law practice that regularly leads local and national media outlets to solicit her commentary on emerging internet law issues involving cyberbullying, sexting, catfishing, revenge porn, anonymous online defamation, domain name and user-name squatting, privacy, and the latest business decisions made by social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. As a litigator Daliah represents companies bringing or defending business and intellectual property disputes. (She has argued cases in a number of jurisdictions including taking a case all the way to the Illinois Supreme Court.) As a transactional lawyer she helps clients choose the right business entity, drafts contracts and licensing agreements, advises on sweepstakes and contest rules, and ensures website terms of use and privacy policies are compliant, and provides comprehensive trademark and copyright counseling. Since founding Saper Law Offices in 2005, Daliah has been named a 40 Under 40 by Law Bulletin Publishing Co., a top Media & Advertising attorney by Super Lawyers Magazine 14 years in a row, and has been repeatedly recognized as a leading media and entertainment lawyer by Chambers and Partners. For the past eleven years, she also has taught entertainment and social media law at Loyola University Chicago School of Law.

Alen Aydinian is a seasoned real estate attorney with a wealth of experience in handling transactional matters, real estate transactions, and lease agreements. As a licensed real estate broker, Alen Aydinian brings a unique perspective to the table, allowing clients to benefit from both legal expertise and practical industry knowledge. He is a trusted advisor in the realm of real estate transactions and lease agreements. Whether representing buyers, sellers, landlords, or tenants, Alen Aydinian is committed to providing strategic counsel and dedicated advocacy every step of the way. Clients rely on him for sound legal guidance, proactive problem-solving, and unwavering support throughout the transaction process.

I'm a business law generalist with over 24 years of experience, including as in-house General Counsel, as outside counsel through my own firm and as an attorney in an Am Law 100 law firm. My employers and clients uniformly appreciate my ability to (i) negotiate and close transactions quickly and effectively, and (ii) to make the complex simple. Among other things, I can efficiently assist you on entity formation, governance, and structure; HR issues; mergers and acquisitions; and the negotiation and drafting of all types of commercial contracts. I'm the proud recipient of multiple Martindale-Hubbell Client Distinction Awards given only to the top 5% of attorneys for quality of service.

Strategic thinking business minded Outside General Counsel here to help you with your company. I have been able to help guide business owners from startup through series A, B, & C funding and ultimately IPO's. Regardless of your plans I am here to help you succeed as you grow your business.

Mr. Mehdipour attended the University of California San Diego where he received his degree in political science. After graduating from UCSD, Mr. Mehdipour attended Southwestern University School of Law where he received his JD. Upon passing the bar, Mr. Mehdipour gained invaluable experience both in a law firm and business setting. Mr. Mehdipour uses his prior business and legal experiences to negotiate the most advantageous results for his clients.

Nicholas A.

I help small business owners build and protect their dreams. I always thought that I would just be a litigator. Then I joined an intellectual property clinic in law school. We were helping nonprofits and small businesses reach their goals. I fell in love with the work and decided to open my own firm so I could keep helping them. When I decided to start Victrix Legal, I decided that it would be a modern law firm designed to serve professionals. It would be different from every other law firm. In my experience, my law firms are designed to promote inefficiency and reactionary lawyering. Because in most firms, you make more money when you spend more time on a project. And you lose money if your client doesn't get sued. In my opinion, that's a built-in conflict of interest. My firm is different. I use flat fees for most basic projects to keep costs predictable for you and incentivize efficiency. I offer long-term advisory plans and legal audits to prevent issues from happening. I want my clients to see me as their business partner, not just the guy they call when they are in trouble. If any of that interests you, please reach out to me. I offer free consultations. Let's set aside some time and talk about what your legal needs are.

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Assignment of Lease

Contract to lease land from a church?

I’m planning on leasing land from a church. Putting a gym on the property. And leasing it back to the school.

Ok; first step is that you will need a leasing contract with the church. Ask them to prepare one for you so you would just need an attorney to review the agreement and that should cost less than if you had to be the party to pay a lawyer to draft it from scratch. You need to ensure that the purpose of the lease is clearly stated - that you plan to put a gym on the land so that there are no issues if the church leadership changes. Step 2 - you will need a lease agreement with the school that your leasing it do (hopefully one that is similar to the original one your received from the church). Again, please ensure that all the terms that you discuss and agree to are in the document; including length of time, price and how to resolve disputes if you have one. I hope this is helpful. If you would like me to assist you further, you can contact me on Contracts Counsel and we can discuss a fee for my services. Regards, Donya Ramsay (Gordon)

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Assignment tag archive.

Jump to: What is an assignment? What is an assignment sale in commercial real estate? What is the difference between an assignment of lease and a sublease?

What is an assignment?

An assignment in real estate refers to the process of transferring a certain right–held by an assignor– to another party–called the assignee.

What is an assignment sale in commercial real estate?

For example, if Buyer A enters a real estate sale contract with a Seller, but reaches an agreement with Buyer B before the deal is closed, Buyer A becomes the assignor by transferring property rights to Buyer B (the assignee). Buyer B then goes on to close the contract with the Seller and becomes the owner.

What is the difference between an assignment of lease and a sublease?

In the case of an assignment of lease, the assignor is looking to give up the property rights and to be relieved of any obligations to the property (rent payment, liability for damages to the building etc.) by handing them over to a third party (the assignee). The assignee will then take over all rights and obligations specified by the original lease agreement.

– By contrast, when agreeing on a sublease, the assignor is not actually leaving the original lease contract. He remains accountable to the landlord in terms of the rent, and damages incurred by the property. There is little to no contact between the landlord and the assignee. The contract might involve either a part of, or the entire property for a limited portion of the master lease’s duration. – Subleases are a popular option because they offer increased flexibility for tenants. For instance, if a company outgrows its office but still has several years of its current lease, it can avoid breaching the lease contract by finding a replacement tenant to assign its lease to. However, under the sublease agreement, the assignee pays the rent to the assignor, not directly to the landlord. The assignor forwards the payments to the landlord and remains the contact for both landlord and assignee, regarding issues concerning the property.

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Unlock the potential of Assignment with the comprehensive Lark glossary guide. Explore essential terms and concepts to excel in the real estate realm with Lark solutions.

In the real estate industry, assignment refers to the transfer of rights or obligations of a contract from one party to another. This practice has become increasingly relevant in recent years due to its potential benefits and implications for real estate businesses. Understanding assignment and its significance is crucial for all stakeholders involved in the real estate ecosystem.

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Define assignment and its relevance in real estate

Assignment, in the context of real estate, involves the transfer of contractual rights and obligations from one party, known as the assignor, to another party, known as the assignee. This transfer can occur during the process of buying or selling a property, or even during the development or leasing stages of real estate projects.

The relevance of assignment in real estate lies in its ability to provide flexibility and opportunities for investors, developers, and other parties involved in real estate transactions. It allows for the efficient transfer of property rights, the ability to capitalize on market conditions, and the potential for increased profitability.

Significance of assignment in real estate

Understanding assignment is crucial for real estate businesses due to several reasons. Firstly, it allows for the efficient allocation of resources and the maximization of profitability. By assigning rights or obligations to a more suitable party, real estate businesses can streamline their operations and focus on their core competencies.

Secondly, assignment can provide opportunities for investors and developers to participate in lucrative real estate projects without the need for direct ownership. This can lower the barriers to entry and enable a wider range of stakeholders to benefit from the real estate market.

Lastly, assignment plays a significant role in risk management and mitigation. By transferring certain contractual obligations to other parties, real estate businesses can minimize their exposure to potential risks and liabilities.

Who benefits from assignment in real estate?

Assignment in real estate benefits various stakeholders within the industry. Investors, for instance, can leverage assignment to participate in real estate projects without the need for full ownership. This allows them to diversify their portfolios and potentially generate higher returns on investment.

Developers and builders also benefit from assignment as it enables them to secure financing and attract investors more easily. By assigning rights to a project, developers can share some of the risks and responsibilities, making the project more attractive to potential partners.

Real estate agents and brokers can also benefit from assignment by acting as intermediaries between assignors and assignees. They can earn commission fees by facilitating the assignment process, thereby expanding their revenue streams.

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Practical implications and why it matters for real estate businesses

The practical implications of assignment in real estate are numerous and understanding them is essential for real estate businesses. Firstly, assignment allows for the optimization of resources by transferring rights or obligations to parties that are better suited to handle them. This can result in increased efficiency and cost savings.

Secondly, assignment provides flexibility in real estate transactions. It allows parties to adapt to changing market conditions and capitalize on emerging opportunities. This can be particularly valuable in dynamic real estate markets where timing is crucial.

Furthermore, assignment can help real estate businesses mitigate risks and liabilities. By transferring certain obligations to other parties, businesses can reduce their exposure to potential legal and financial risks.

Overall, understanding the practical implications of assignment is vital for real estate businesses to make informed decisions and effectively navigate the complexities of the industry.

Best practices when considering assignment in real estate and why it matters

When considering assignment in real estate, there are several best practices that businesses should follow to maximize its benefits. These include:

Thorough Due Diligence : Before entering into an assignment agreement, it is essential to conduct thorough due diligence on the assignor and assignee. This includes assessing their financial stability, reputation, and track record in the industry.

Clear Assignment Agreements : It is crucial to have clear and comprehensive assignment agreements that outline the rights and obligations being transferred. This helps avoid misunderstandings and potential disputes in the future.

Effective Communication : Maintaining open and effective communication between all parties involved in the assignment process is essential. This ensures that everyone is on the same page and reduces the likelihood of misunderstandings or delays.

By following these best practices, real estate businesses can effectively leverage assignment to optimize their operations and achieve their desired outcomes.

Actionable tips for leveraging assignment in real estate

Best tip 1: conduct thorough due diligence.

Before entering into any assignment agreement, conduct thorough due diligence on the assignor and assignee. This includes reviewing their financial stability, reputation, and track record in the industry. This will help mitigate potential risks and ensure a successful assignment.

Best Tip 2: Clearly Define Rights and Obligations

Ensure that the assignment agreement clearly defines the rights and obligations being transferred. This will minimize the risk of misunderstandings and disputes in the future. Seek legal advice if necessary to ensure the agreement is comprehensive and enforceable.

Best Tip 3: Maintain Effective Communication

Maintain open and effective communication between all parties involved in the assignment process. Regularly update each other on progress, address any concerns or issues promptly, and ensure that everyone is aligned with the goals and objectives of the assignment.

By following these actionable tips, real estate businesses can effectively leverage assignment to optimize their operations and achieve successful outcomes.

Related terms and concepts to assignment in real estate

Related term or concept 1: sublease.

A sublease is a type of assignment where the original tenant of a leased property transfers their rights and obligations to a new tenant, known as the sublessee. The sublessee assumes the lease for a specific period, paying rent to the original tenant who remains responsible for the lease agreement with the landlord.

Related Term or Concept 2: Assignment Clause

An assignment clause is a provision in a contract or lease agreement that outlines the conditions and requirements for assigning the rights and obligations to another party. It specifies the process, restrictions, and any necessary consents or approvals required for the assignment to take place.

Related Term or Concept 3: Assignment Fee

An assignment fee is a fee paid by the assignee to the assignor for the transfer of rights or obligations in a real estate assignment. The fee can vary depending on the complexity and value of the assignment and is typically negotiated between the parties involved.

In conclusion, assignment plays a crucial role in the real estate industry, enabling the efficient transfer of rights and obligations between parties involved in real estate transactions. Understanding assignment and its significance is essential for all stakeholders in the real estate ecosystem. By leveraging assignment effectively, businesses can optimize their operations, mitigate risks, and capitalize on opportunities in the dynamic real estate landscape.

What is assignment in real estate?

Assignment in real estate refers to the transfer of contractual rights and obligations from one party to another. It allows for the efficient allocation of resources, increased flexibility, and risk management in real estate transactions.

Various stakeholders in the real estate industry benefit from assignment. Investors can participate in real estate projects without full ownership, developers can attract financing and share risks, and real estate agents can earn commission fees by facilitating the assignment process.

How can assignment be leveraged effectively in real estate?

To leverage assignment effectively in real estate, it is important to conduct thorough due diligence, clearly define rights and obligations in the assignment agreement, and maintain effective communication between all parties involved.

What is a sublease in real estate?

A sublease is a type of assignment where the original tenant transfers their rights and obligations to a new tenant, known as the sublessee. The sublessee assumes the lease for a specific period, paying rent to the original tenant.

What is an assignment clause in a real estate contract?

An assignment clause is a provision in a contract or lease agreement that outlines the conditions and requirements for assigning the rights and obligations to another party. It specifies the process and any necessary consents or approvals for the assignment to take place.

What is an assignment fee in real estate?

An assignment fee is a fee paid by the assignee to the assignor for the transfer of rights or obligations in a real estate assignment. The fee varies depending on the complexity and value of the assignment and is typically negotiated between the parties involved.

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How To Navigate The Real Estate Assignment Contract

What is assignment of contract?

Assignment of contract vs double close

How to assign a contract

Assignment of contract pros and cons

Even the most left-brained, technical real estate practitioners may find themselves overwhelmed by the legal forms that have become synonymous with the investing industry. The assignment of contract strategy, in particular, has developed a confusing reputation for those unfamiliar with the concept of wholesaling. At the very least, there’s a good chance the “assignment of contract real estate” exit strategy sounds more like a foreign language to new investors than a viable means to an end.

A real estate assignment contract isn’t as complicated as many make it out to be, nor is it something to shy away from because of a lack of understanding. Instead, new investors need to learn how to assign a real estate contract as this particular exit strategy represents one of the best ways to break into the industry.

In this article, we will break down the elements of a real estate assignment contract, or a real estate wholesale contract, and provide strategies for how it can help investors further their careers. [ Thinking about investing in real estate? Register to attend a FREE online real estate class and learn how to get started investing in real estate. ]

What Is A Real Estate Assignment Contract?

A real estate assignment contract is a wholesale strategy used by real estate investors to facilitate the sale of a property between an owner and an end buyer. As its name suggests, contract assignment strategies will witness a subject property owner sign a contract with an investor that gives them the rights to buy the home. That’s an important distinction to make, as the contract only gives the investor the right to buy the home; they don’t actually follow through on a purchase. Once under contract, however, the investor retains the sole right to buy the home. That means they may then sell their rights to buy the house to another buyer. Therefore, when a wholesaler executes a contact assignment, they aren’t selling a house but rather their rights to buy a house. The end buyer will pay the wholesale a small assignment fee and buy the house from the original buyer.

The real estate assignment contract strategy is only as strong as the contracts used in the agreement. The language used in the respective contract is of the utmost importance and should clearly define what the investors and sellers expect out of the deal.

There are a couple of caveats to keep in mind when considering using sales contracts for real estate:

Contract prohibitions: Make sure the contract you have with the property seller does not have prohibitions for future assignments. This can create serious issues down the road. Make sure the contract is drafted by a lawyer that specializes in real estate assignment contract law.

Property-specific prohibitions: HUD homes (property obtained by the Department of Housing and Urban Development), real estate owned or REOs (foreclosed-upon property), and listed properties are not open to assignment contracts. REO properties, for example, have a 90-day period before being allowed to be resold.

What Is An Assignment Fee In Real Estate?

An assignment fee in real estate is the money a wholesaler can expect to receive from an end buyer when they sell them their rights to buy the subject property. In other words, the assignment fee serves as the monetary compensation awarded to the wholesaler for connecting the original seller with the end buyer.

Again, any contract used to disclose a wholesale deal should be completely transparent, and including the assignment fee is no exception. The terms of how an investor will be paid upon assigning a contract should, nonetheless, be spelled out in the contract itself.

The standard assignment fee is $5,000. However, every deal is different. Buyers differ on their needs and criteria for spending their money (e.g., rehabbing vs. buy-and-hold buyers). As with any negotiations , proper information is vital. Take the time to find out how much the property would realistically cost before and after repairs. Then, add your preferred assignment fee on top of it.

Traditionally, investors will receive a deposit when they sign the Assignment of Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement . The rest of the assignment fee will be paid out upon the deal closing.

Assignment Contract Vs Double Close

The real estate assignment contract strategy is just one of the two methods investors may use to wholesale a deal. In addition to assigning contracts, investors may also choose to double close. While both strategies are essentially variations of a wholesale deal, several differences must be noted.

A double closing, otherwise known as a back-to-back closing, will have investors actually purchase the home. However, instead of holding onto it, they will immediately sell the asset without rehabbing it. Double closings aren’t as traditional as fast as contract assignment, but they can be in the right situation. Double closings can also take as long as a few weeks. In the end, double closings aren’t all that different from a traditional buy and sell; they transpire over a meeter of weeks instead of months.

Assignment real estate strategies are usually the first option investors will want to consider, as they are slightly easier and less involved. That said, real estate assignment contract methods aren’t necessarily better; they are just different. The wholesale strategy an investor chooses is entirely dependent on their situation. For example, if a buyer cannot line up funding fast enough, they may need to initiate a double closing because they don’t have the capital to pay the acquisition costs and assignment fee. Meanwhile, select institutional lenders incorporate language against lending money in an assignment of contract scenario. Therefore, any subsequent wholesale will need to be an assignment of contract.

Double closings and contract assignments are simply two means of obtaining the same end. Neither is better than the other; they are meant to be used in different scenarios.

Flipping Real Estate Contracts

Those unfamiliar with the real estate contract assignment concept may know it as something else: flipping real estate contracts; if for nothing else, the two are one-in-the-same. Flipping real estate contracts is simply another way to refer to assigning a contract.

Is An Assignment Of Contract Legal?

Yes, an assignment of contract is legal when executed correctly. Wholesalers must follow local laws regulating the language of contracts, as some jurisdictions have more regulations than others. It is also becoming increasingly common to assign contracts to a legal entity or LLC rather than an individual, to prevent objections from the bank. Note that you will need written consent from all parties listed on the contract, and there cannot be any clauses present that violate the law. If you have any questions about the specific language to include in a contract, it’s always a good idea to consult a qualified real estate attorney.

When Will Assignments Not Be Enforced?

In certain cases, an assignment of contract will not be enforced. Most notably, if the contract violates the law or any local regulations it cannot be enforced. This is why it is always encouraged to understand real estate laws and policy as soon as you enter the industry. Further, working with a qualified attorney when crafting contracts can be beneficial.

It may seem obvious, but assignment contracts will not be enforced if the language is used incorrectly. If the language in a contract contradicts itself, or if the contract is not legally binding it cannot be enforced. Essentially if there is any anti-assignment language, this can void the contract. Finally, if the assignment violates what is included under the contract, for example by devaluing the item, the contract will likely not be enforced.

How To Assign A Real Estate Contract

A wholesaling investment strategy that utilizes assignment contracts has many advantages, one of them being a low barrier-to-entry for investors. However, despite its inherent profitability, there are a lot of investors that underestimate the process. While probably the easiest exit strategy in all of real estate investing, there are a number of steps that must be taken to ensure a timely and profitable contract assignment, not the least of which include:

Find the right property

Acquire a real estate contract template

Submit the contract

Assign the contract

Collect the fee

1. Find The Right Property

You need to prune your leads, whether from newspaper ads, online marketing, or direct mail marketing. Remember, you aren’t just looking for any seller: you need a motivated seller who will sell their property at a price that works with your investing strategy.

The difference between a regular seller and a motivated seller is the latter’s sense of urgency. A motivated seller wants their property sold now. Pick a seller who wants to be rid of their property in the quickest time possible. It could be because they’re moving out of state, or they want to buy another house in a different area ASAP. Or, they don’t want to live in that house anymore for personal reasons. The key is to know their motivation for selling and determine if that intent is enough to sell immediately.

With a better idea of who to buy from, wholesalers will have an easier time exercising one of several marketing strategies:

Direct Mail

Real Estate Meetings

Local Marketing

2. Acquire A Real Estate Contract Template

Real estate assignment contract templates are readily available online. Although it’s tempting to go the DIY route, it’s generally advisable to let a lawyer see it first. This way, you will have the comfort of knowing you are doing it right, and that you have counsel in case of any legal problems along the way.

One of the things proper wholesale real estate contracts add is the phrase “and/or assigns” next to your name. This clause will give you the authority to sell the property or assign the property to another buyer.

You do need to disclose this to the seller and explain the clause if needed. Assure them that they will still get the amount you both agreed upon, but it gives you deal flexibility down the road.

3. Submit The Contract

Depending on your state’s laws, you need to submit your real estate assignment contract to a title company, or a closing attorney, for a title search. These are independent parties that look into the history of a property, seeing that there are no liens attached to the title. They then sign off on the validity of the contract.

4. Assign The Contract

Finding your buyer, similar to finding a seller, requires proper segmentation. When searching for buyers, investors should exercise several avenues, including online marketing, listing websites, or networking groups. In the real estate industry, this process is called building a buyer’s list, and it is a crucial step to finding success in assigning contracts.

Once you have found a buyer (hopefully from your ever-growing buyer’s list), ensure your contract includes language that covers earnest money to be paid upfront. This grants you protection against a possible breach of contract. This also assures you that you will profit, whether the transaction closes or not, as earnest money is non-refundable. How much it is depends on you, as long as it is properly justified.

5. Collect The Fee

Your profit from a deal of this kind comes from both your assignment fee, as well as the difference between the agreed-upon value and how much you sell it to the buyer. If you and the seller decide you will buy the property for $75,000 and sell it for $80,000 to the buyer, you profit $5,000. The deal is closed once the buyer pays the full $80,000.

Assignment of Contract Pros

For many investors, the most attractive benefit of an assignment of contract is the ability to profit without ever purchasing a property. This is often what attracts people to start wholesaling, as it allows many to learn the ropes of real estate with relatively low stakes. An assignment fee can either be determined as a percentage of the purchase price or as a set amount determined by the wholesaler. A standard fee is around $5,000 per contract.

The profit potential is not the only positive associated with an assignment of contract. Investors also benefit from not being added to the title chain, which can greatly reduce the costs and timeline associated with a deal. This benefit can even transfer to the seller and end buyer, as they get to avoid paying a real estate agent fee by opting for an assignment of contract. Compared to a double close (another popular wholesaling strategy), investors can avoid two sets of closing costs. All of these pros can positively impact an investor’s bottom line, making this a highly desirable exit strategy.

Assignment of Contract Cons

Although there are numerous perks to an assignment of contract, there are a few downsides to be aware of before searching for your first wholesale deal. Namely, working with buyers and sellers who may not be familiar with wholesaling can be challenging. Investors need to be prepared to familiarize newcomers with the process and be ready to answer any questions. Occasionally, sellers will purposely not accept an assignment of contract situation. Investors should occasionally expect this, as to not get discouraged.

Another obstacle wholesalers may face when working with an assignment of contract is in cases where the end buyer wants to back out. This can happen if the buyer is not comfortable paying the assignment fee, or if they don’t have owner’s rights until the contract is fully assigned. The best way to protect yourself from situations like this is to form a reliable buyer’s list and be upfront with all of the information. It is always recommended to develop a solid contract as well.

Know that not all properties can be wholesaled, for example HUD houses. In these cases, there are often anti-assigned clauses preventing wholesalers from getting involved. Make sure you know how to identify these properties so you don’t waste your time. Keep in mind that while there are cons to this real estate exit strategy, the right preparation can help investors avoid any big challenges.

Assignment of Contract Template

If you decide to pursue a career wholesaling real estate, then you’ll want the tools that will make your life as easy as possible. The good news is that there are plenty of real estate tools and templates at your disposal so that you don’t have to reinvent the wheel! For instance, here is an assignment of contract template that you can use when you strike your first deal.

As with any part of the real estate investing trade, no single aspect will lead to success. However, understanding how a real estate assignment of contract works is vital for this business. When you comprehend the many layers of how contracts are assigned—and how wholesaling works from beginning to end—you’ll be a more informed, educated, and successful investor.

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What is an STR in Real Estate?

Wholetailing: a guide for real estate investors, what is chain of title in real estate investing, what is a real estate fund of funds (fof), reits vs real estate: which is the better investment, multi-family vs. single-family property investments: a comprehensive guide.

Learn about the definition for this legal term.

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What is Assignment?

The transfer of ownership from one party to another; many residential mortgage loans are assigned after closing by the mortgagee to new owners of the loan obligation.

Further Reading

For more detailed information, see our related Real Property terms:

• Assumption clause
• Appurtenant Easement
• Concurrent Ownership
• Closing costs
• Estate for years

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Real Property vs. Personal Property: Difference and Types

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Table of Contents

What is real property?

What is personal property, real property vs. personal property: definitions and examples, definitions are blurry in some situations, why the distinction between real and personal property matters.

Real property is usually land, improvements to land, houses and unextracted natural resources. Land includes water, airspace, crops, minerals or other natural resources. Improvements to land include permanent structures, such as buildings, parking facilities, transmission lines, fences and in-ground pools, as well as components such as water heaters, furnaces and security systems.

Personal property includes both tangible and intangible goods such as clothing and financial holdings. The Internal Revenue Service splits personal property into two types:

Tangible personal property — includes vehicles, antiques, silver, artwork, collectibles, furniture, machinery and equipment.

Intangible personal property — includes patents, copyrights, stocks and the goodwill value of a business [0] Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute . 26 CFR § 1.856-10 - Definition of real property . Accessed Jun 1, 2023. View all sources .

» MORE: Learn the 7 key steps of estate planning

The main difference between real property and personal property is that real property is land and any permanent structures on it; personal property refers to anything else you can own.

Exact definitions for real property and personal property depend on the jurisdiction. In North Dakota, for example, personal property is anything “that is not real [property]” [0] North Dakota Legislative Council . Title 47 - Property . Accessed Jun 1, 2023. View all sources . However, Georgia law is a bit more descriptive: personal property is anything that’s “movable in nature, has inherent value or is representative of value, and is not otherwise defined as realty” [0] Justia.com . Georgia Code Title 44 - Property Chapter 1 - General Provisions § 44-1-3. "Personalty" Defined; Status of Certain Stocks . Accessed Jun 1, 2023. View all sources .

» MORE: Why your estate plan may need asset appraisals

You could probably quickly categorize most things you own into real property and personal property. But legal quirks do arise in some situations.

Property can change from real property to personal property or vice versa [0] North Dakota State University: Agriculture Law and Management . Categories of Property . Accessed Jun 8, 2023. View all sources . For example, a field of corn is generally considered real estate, but once it’s harvested, it becomes personal property. A pile of bricks is personal property, but it becomes real property if it's converted into a patio. Gold ore in the ground underneath your basement is real property, but a stack of gold bars in your basement is personal property.

An object’s context can affect whether it’s personal or real property . Furniture in your house is personal property, for example, but the furniture in a rental property could be real property in some instances.

Some things aren’t easily classifiable , such as residential solar panels or machinery or equipment at a business. 

The differences between real property and personal property can make a difference when you’re doing estate planning or even just writing a will . Tax law sometimes singles out specific kinds of property, and the options available for distributing part of an estate to a beneficiary can depend on the property type. Here are a few examples:

Tax laws treat some types of property differently . For example, some family farms — real property — may qualify for tax exemptions.

You can transfer specific types of property immediately upon your death . Some states let you use a transfer on death (TOD) deed to transfer ownership of real property to someone else the moment you die, bypassing probate . A TOD is typically for real property, though some states allow it for certain types of personal property, such as vehicles [0] Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles . Death of Owner . Accessed Jun 1, 2023. View all sources .

Some trusts work well — or not — with different kinds of property . For example, moving a retirement account to a trust can have tax consequences. Even if it’s allowed, it might not be worth the cost [0] The American College of Trust and Estate Counsel . IRAs and IRA Beneficiaries . Accessed Jun 1, 2023. View all sources .  

Even if an estate isn’t worth millions of dollars, estate planning can be complex. For example, one person might prioritize minimizing taxes , and another might prioritize building safeguards for a beneficiary with a mental illness or a disability . A qualified estate planning attorney can help you explore options you may not know you have.

You probably don’t need to tag each property listed in a will as real or personal property. Instead, it’s essential to understand how federal and state estate law can affect your options while you’re still planning. An estate attorney can help.

Think carefully about your estate plan regardless of its size. Even if the dollar value of your estate is modest, you still want your intentions to be carried out effectively and efficiently.

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• What is an assignment of rents?

by Brian D. Moreno, Esq., CCAL | General Real Estate Law , Homeowners Association

With the collection of assessments, community associations are always looking for creative ways to increase the chance of recovery.  One underutilized remedy that may provide associations good results is an assignment of rents.  If an owner-landlord fails to pay HOA assessments but continues to collect rent payments from his or her tenant, the association should consider rent assignment.  There are prejudgment and post-judgment rent assignment remedies that can be pursued with regard to the delinquency.  A post-judgment rent assignment can be pursued by way of a request to the court after a Judgment is entered against the owner-landlord.

A prejudgment rent assignment can be pursued even before filing a lawsuit if executed properly.  In California, Civil Code Section 2938 regulates the formation and enforcement of the assignment of rents and profits generated by a lease agreement relating to real property.  It provides that “[a] written assignment of an interest in leases, rents, issues, or profits of real property made in connection with an obligation secured by real property. . .shall, upon execution and delivery by the assignor, be effective to create a present security interest in existing and future leases, rents, issues, or profits of that real property. . . .”   Once a written assignment of rents is properly authorized and formed, the law creates a security interest (i.e., lien) against the rents and profits paid by a tenant. 

The question then is whether the association’s CC&Rs, by itself, creates an assignment of the right to a tenant’s rent payment in favor of the association.  Indeed, section 2938(b) provides that the assignment of an interest in leases or rent of real property may be recorded in the same manner as any other conveyance of an interest in real property, whether the assignment is in a separate document or part of a mortgage or deed of trust.  Since a homeowners association’s CC&Rs is a recorded document and contains covenants, equitable servitudes, easements, and other property interests against the development, it follows that the assignment of rents relief provided in Section 2938(b) can be extended to community associations provided the CC&Rs contains an appropriate assignment of rents provision.

Section 2938, however, does not clarify whether the CC&Rs document on its own creates a lien and enforceable assignment right.  Moreover, a deed of trust is much different than a set of CC&Rs, in that the deed of trust creates a lien against the trustor’s property upon recordation, while a homeowners association would not have a lien until an owner becomes delinquent with his or her assessments and the association records an assessment lien against the property.  Therefore, depending on the scope of the assignment of rents provision in the CC&Rs, a homeowners association would likely need to record an assessment lien first before pursuing rents from a tenant.  Moreover, even after a lien is recorded, homeowners associations should consider adding a provision in the assessment lien giving notice to the delinquent owner that an assignment right is in effect upon recordation of the assessment lien.  Nevertheless, association Boards should consult with legal counsel to ensure proper compliance with the law.

Once the assignment right becomes enforceable, the next issue is how the Association can and should proceed.  Section 2938(c)(3) allows the association to serve a pre-lawsuit demand (a sample of which is included in the statute) on the tenant(s), demanding that the tenant(s) turn over all rent payments to the association.  This can be a powerful tool for homeowners associations.  Moreover, if the tenant complies, the association will receive substantial monthly payments that can be applied towards the assessment debt, and collecting the funds does not appear to preclude the association from pursuing judicial or non-judicial foreclosure proceedings at a later time.

While homeowner associations have the option of pursuing a lawsuit against the delinquent owner and seeking to collect the rent payments after a judgment has been obtained, there are obvious advantages to enforcing the assignment of rents provision prior to pursuing litigation.  A pre-lawsuit assignment of rents demand may prove to be more effective and cheaper.  Additionally, the tenant affected by the assignment of rents demand may place additional pressures on the delinquent owner/landlord having received such a demand.  Given this, the options available pursuant to Section 2938, including the pre-lawsuit demand for rents, should at least be considered and analyzed before action is taken.

Truly, the initial pre-lawsuit demand for rents may persuade the landlord-owner to resolve the delinquency with the association in the face of the potential disturbance of the landlord-tenant relationship.  Even if the tenant fails to comply with the demand and/or the owner fails to bring the account current, the association could nonetheless pursue foreclosure remedies and/or seek to have a receiver appointed to specifically enforce the assignment of rents provision.

In sum, if a delinquent homeowner is leasing the property to a tenant, the homeowners association should consider making a pre-lawsuit demand for rent payments.  If the association’s CC&Rs does not contain an assignment of rents provision, the board of directors should consider amending the CC&Rs to include an appropriate provision.  Without question, the pre-lawsuit demand for rents could provide an excellent opportunity for recovery of unpaid assessments during these difficult economic times.

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• Judgment Enforcement: What can an association do to collect an old small claims judgment?
• Encroachment Disputes: New considerations based on recent laws

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