phd 2022 regulations ugc

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Minimum standards and procedures for award of Ph.D. degree regulations, 2022

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UGC notifies new regulations on PhD degrees, here's what has changed

The ugc has announced new norms for phd degrees that include significant modifications to the qualifications for admission, the application process, and the evaluation procedures.

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UGC asks VCs, principals to roll out revised PhD regulations

NEW DELHI: The University Grants Commission (UGC) on Tuesday asked vice-chancellors and college principals to initiate necessary steps to implement the revised minimum standard and procedure for the award of PhD.

In the letter to higher educational institutions (HEIs), the UGC said that the new regulations are framed “to encourage research scholars to become well-trained researchers and inquisitive explorers.”

“All HEIs are requested to initiate necessary steps to implement the new regulations for the award of PhD,” the letter said.

The UGC replaced its rules notified in 2016 and brought the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. The revised guidelines have changed the eligibility, admission and evaluation process. It has also done away with the mandatory requirement of publishing research papers in refereed journals.

The UGC notified the new regulations on November 7. As per the new regulations, students who have completed a four-year undergraduate course will also be eligible for direct admission to a doctorate programme.

The new rule said a candidate should have a minimum of 75 per cent marks in “aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed”, and in case the candidate does not have 75 per cent marks in a four-year undergraduate program, they have to pursue a one-year master’s programme and score at least 55 per cent.

PhD regulations of 2016 said that PhD scholars “must publish at least one (1) research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences/seminars before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication.”

UGC Chairperson Professor M Jagadesh Kumar said that publishing research papers in peer-reviewed journals might not be mandatory anymore, but it does not mean PhD scholars should stop doing that altogether.

“Focussing on high-quality research will lead to publications in good journals, even if it is not mandatory. It will add value when they apply for employment or post-doctoral opportunities,” he said.

The regulations are applicable with immediate effect from the date of notification. Any PhD registered after 1 July 2009 shall be governed by the rules of 2009 or 2016, the notification said.

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Explained | New regulations for awarding PhDs 

Jagriti chandra.

The story so far: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has made sweeping changes in its latest regulations governing the award of PhDs. Important changes such as abolishing of MPhils, relaxing course work for obtaining PhDs and allowing candidates to register for a PhD after finishing four years of a graduation programme, have been seen as steps that could lead to diminishing academic rigour as well as impediments to inclusivity in higher education.

What are the key changes?

The UGC on November 7, 2022 notified the University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. One of the notable changes it made was to the evaluation and assessment criteria for the award of the degree, where it has waived the need to mandatorily publish a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal. This is accompanied by completely abolishing MPhil, which has been a gateway for PhD programmes, in line with the recommendation in the National Education Policy 2020. The eligibility criteria for admissions too have been revised, and a candidate can register after completing a one-year (or two semester) master’s degree programme after a four-year (or 8-semester) bachelor’s degree programme or a two-year (or four-semester) master’s degree programme after a three-year bachelor’s degree programme with at least 55% marks or its equivalent grade.

There are also important changes to course work. Earlier, the description of course work candidates needed to finish was more detailed, with at least four credits assigned to courses on research methodology. Candidates were also required to finish this either in the first semester, or by the second semester. Only candidates who were awarded MPhil or had completed their MPhil were exempted. But the new regulations leave it more open ended and says that all PhD scholars “shall be required to train in teaching/ education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen PhD subject.” They can also now be assigned 4-6 hours per week of teaching/research assistantship for conducting tutorial, or laboratory work and evaluations.

The UGC now also allows part-time PhDs, a practice that was disallowed under the 2009 and 2016 regulations.

How will research scholars be evaluated under the new regulations?

PhD scholars will be required to undertake research work after completing their course work, make a presentation and produce a draft dissertation or thesis. If the evaluation of the submission is satisfactory, the candidate will have to defend the thesis in a public viva voce. They will not have to publish a research paper in refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences or seminars before submitting the thesis. The Chairman of UGC M. Jagadesh Kumar says that while publishing a paper in a peer-reviewed journal is not mandatory anymore in order to curb unethical practices such as pay-to-publish or plagiarism, students should be motivated and trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals and present at conferences. He says that a one-size-fits-all approach is not desirable as doctorals in computer science prefer presenting their papers at conferences rather than publishing them in journals. Former UGC Chairman and Ambedkarite, Sukhdaeo Thorat, welcomed the move to discontinue publishing papers in journals as it would often lead poor candidates to pay to get published like their peers, as well as put them at a disadvantage as they wouldn’t have contacts to get published. However, Jamia Milia Islamia Professor Furqan Qamar says that while these concerns are valid, there is a need to provide enhanced and cost-effective opportunities to the researcher to publish as there is a limited availability of quality journals but far more researchers. He cites from the Scopus database of scientific publications for 2020 to point out that India accounted for only 4.52% of total research papers in the world though it accounts for 12% of the global faculty pool.

Are there other concerns?

Experts like Professor Thorat say that discontinuing MPhils, along with the introduction of four-year BA course and 2-year MA course with multiple exits will hurt socially disadvantaged groups who may not be able to pay for longer-duration courses and may have to exit earlier, which will put them at a disadvantage in the job market. He adds that while a four-year Bachelors course will allow some students to pursue Masters abroad without studying for one more year, others will be discriminated against. Though UGC says the move is intended to attract younger students for research.

There are also concerns over diminishing scholarships and fellowships to support PhD scholars as well as severe shortage of teachers, impacting the number of research supervisors available.

“Until the 2009 regulations were notified, the award of PhDs, their evaluation, course-work was not regulated. Part-time PhDs were also widely prevalent. In 2016, these were strengthened and publishing a paper in peer-reviewed journals was made mandatory. However, the changes being brought in the latest regulations take us back to the pre-2009 era,” says Professor Qamar.

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New Delhi: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has revised the rules for admission to PhD programmes by including an entrance test for admission, apart from qualification through the existing National Eligibility Test (NET), ThePrint has learnt. The idea is to “reorient” PhD programmes across the country, officials said. 

NET/JRF (Junior Research Fellowship), conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA), is the exam that tests a student’s eligibility to enrol for a PhD in Indian universities. But now, 60 per cent of the total seats of the academic year for a PhD programme shall be filled by NET/JRF qualified students. The remaining 40 per cent shall be filled through the university/common entrance test.

The draft of the revised regulations — ‘UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022’ — was approved in a commission meeting held on 10 March, UGC chairman M. Jagadesh Kumar confirmed to ThePrint. The document has been accessed by ThePrint.

The rules will soon be put on the official UGC website and made public. Based on the public feedback, the commission will finalise the regulations and send it to the Union Ministry of Education for approval.

For those who have qualified through NET/JRF, the selection will be based on interview/viva-voce. 

For candidates who have passed the entrance test, the selection shall be evaluated in the ratio 70 (written test) to 30 (interview). 

“Merit list for both shall be separately published. In case of unfilled seats in either of the categories, candidates from other categories can be requisitioned to fill up the vacant slots,” reads the policy document. 

Also read: Lateral entry in teaching? UGC working to bring in experts without PhD or NET qualification

Syllabus, qualifying marks, selection of research area

The syllabus of the entrance test shall consist of questions that test research/analytical/ comprehension/quantitative aptitude of a candidate, the document reads. It will be conducted by individual universities and colleges that have been permitted to do so. 

The university concerned shall devise its own admission procedure, along with eligibility conditions, to ensure that most of the seats under these categories are filled. 

“Qualifying marks in the entrance test will be 50 per cent, provided that a relaxation of 5 per cent of marks (from 50 per cent to 45 per cent) shall be allowed for candidates belonging to SC/ST/OBC (Non-creamy layers)/Differently-abled category in the entrance examination conducted by the universities,” the document states. 

“An interview/viva-voce has to be organised by the university/college concerned wherein the candidates are required to discuss their research interest/area through a presentation before a duly constituted departmental research committee,” it adds. 

The interview/viva-voce shall also consider whether the candidate possesses the competence for the proposed research, if the research work can be suitably undertaken at the institution/college and whether the research topic is relevant. 

The document also says that “selection of the area of research will get a special focus”.   

“Research on socially relevant/locally need-based/ nationally important/globally significant/create value to the society or in cutting edge areas or contribute to new/additional knowledge in the areas of emerging concerns worldwide will be encouraged,” the policy document adds. 

Obligations of supervisors

The revised policy document also has new sections on a supervisor’s obligations. The rules include that the supervisor should guide PhD candidates on whether the PhD project is feasible within the allotted time, explore the possibility that the project could lead to new results on a sufficiently high level to form the basis for a PhD thesis at an international level, and if there is enough time for the PhD student to have a realistic opportunity of submitting the PhD thesis on time.

“A good PhD programme requires that from the start of the PhD education there is a good working relationship between the student and the supervisor, in which the PhD student and the supervisor can reach an agreement on the demands and expectations placed on each other,” the document states. 

It adds that the supervisor is also responsible for being in regular contact with the PhD student, serving as a sounding board for the research project, advising the student about relevant courses and conferences and assisting the student in establishing contacts with relevant national and international centers of research. 

(Edited by Saikat Niyogi)

Also read: New schemes for students, regulations for online learning soon, says UGC head Jagadesh Kumar

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Soon, 4-year UG degree holders with 7.5 CGPA will be eligible for PhD admissions; UGC amends norms

The ugc has also proposed to reserve 60% of the available seats for national eligibility test (net)/ junior research fellowship (net-jrf) qualified candidates in all higher education institutions..

Holders of four-year undergraduate degrees with a minimum CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) of 7.5 will be eligible for admission to PhD programmes, according to revised norms proposed by the University Grants Commision (UGC).

In its latest draft of amendments to the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D Degree) Regulations, 2016, the UGC has also proposed to reserve 60% of the available seats for National Eligibility Test (NET)/ Junior Research Fellowship (NET-JRF) qualified candidates in all higher education institutions.

The draft UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022, was approved during the 556th commission meeting held on March 10. HT has reviewed a copy of the document. The changes are in line with the National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP 2020).

The draft regulations are likely to be released for public suggestions on Thursday, said UGC officials familiar with the development.

According to the document, while there will be a status quo in terms of the procedure of admissions, the draft guidelines revised the eligibility criteria after the discontinuation of MPhil degree under NEP 2020, and introduction of four-year undergraduate programmes (FYUP).

Under the NEP 2020, universities and colleges will now offer 4-year undergraduate degrees with multiple exit and entry options. Several universities, including the Jawaharlal Nehru University and Delhi University, have already decided to adopt these programmes from this year. After completing a four-year degree programme, the students will receive honours with a research undergraduate degree.

According to the new proposed norms, candidates having a four-year bachelor’s degree with research with minimum 7.5 CGPA will be eligible for admission to PhD programmes, along with first and second year post graduate students (after completing a four-year programme).

Confirming the development, UGC chairperson Jagadesh Kumar said, “The four-year undergraduate programme is beneficial to students in several ways. Those who are interested in research can do either multidisciplinary research or focus on a single discipline in their final year. Those who do well in the 4-year undergraduate program will be eligible to join in a PhD programme. I believe that this will enhance the research ecosystem in our country.”

Besides, candidates who have cleared M.Phil with at least 55% marks in aggregate will continue to remain eligible. “The MPhil degree shall be de-specified from the Academic year 2022-23 onwards. MPhil degree awarded till the date of notification of these regulations shall remain valid,” the document stated.

The document further stated that 60% of the total vacant seats of the academic year shall be filled from NET/JRF qualified students. “The remaining 40% through the university/common entrance test qualified students on the basis of interviews conducted by the concerned institute,” it said.

Presently, there is no such fixed criteria for universities and colleges. NET/JRF qualified students do not have to appear for an entrance test and are admitted on the basis of viva (spoken examinations) or interviews. Others have to undergo the test and the weightage assigned against interview/viva is 70:30.

Under the amended regulations, the minimum duration for completion of PhD has been revised from three years to two years while the maximum duration remained unchanged at six years. The UGC has also provided for leaves for research scholars to undertake research expeditions, research missions, and exchange programmes.

The proposed regulations also extend a 5% relaxation in eligibility criteria to the economically weaker sections (EWS). The document further stressed on the areas of research and recommended that topics that are “socially relevant, locally need-based,and nationally important” to adding value to society should be encouraged.

Several amendments have been proposed in the role and obligations of research supervisors and co-supervisors, the biggest of them being that they will be allowed to guide two international students on a supernumerary basis.

Besides, under the amended regulations, the quality assessment of PhD degrees should be the responsibility of higher education institutions and they will be free to evolve guidelines in this regard.

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UGC revises basic requirements for PhD. Scholars, professors opine on what it means for academia

The University Grants Commission (UGC) released the Minimum Standards and Procedure for the Award of PhD Regulations, 2022, on November 14, 2022, which revised the requirements for PhD degrees as per the recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. According to the new guidelines, MPhil and publication in a peer-reviewed journal are no longer mandatory. Among other changes is direct entry to a Doctoral programme after a four-year undergraduate degree or just a one-year Master's degree. The announced guidelines are effective immediately, as stated in the released notification: "All HEIs are requested to initiate necessary steps to implement the new regulations for the award of PhD." About the changes, an Economics professor of Visva-Bharati University (VBU) and the President of Visva-Bharati University Faculty Association, Sudipta Bhattacharyya tells  EdexLive , "The new ordinance has been framed in the line of National Education Policy whose goal is elimination and corporatisation of education."

Scholars and professors have varied views on these new changes, but mostly, they argue that the revision would make no difference. “The practice of publishing papers is now a standard and the number of publications matters. The journals and the prestige of the journals add additional weight to a profile. Without publication, you cannot enrol in any reputable universities. Thus, by removing the mandatory publication they did not accomplish anything,” says Bibu Binu Thomas, a PhD scholar from the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal. In agreement with Bibu Thomas, another scholar, Sushree Ankita Jena, questions the point of the regulation by stating, "Now the brute reality is that no matter where you go for an academic job, a huge weightage is on publication, so, what is the point?"

Removal of MPhil — waste of time, lack of experience or method of elimination?

MPhil has been completely removed as a prerequisite for enrolment in PhD programmes. While a few scholars welcome the decision calling MPhil "a waste of time", others consider it a necessary experience for a PhD. "A student is thrust into research without any prior experience though they can get that through PhD; MPhil served as a sort of bridge," states Rudra Prasad Behera, an MPhil scholar from Ravenshaw University, Odisha. Again, approving the change, VBU Prof Kausik Bhattacharya argues, "MPhil was never necessary; just an intermediary degree between postgraduation and PhD. A waste of time, in my opinion." 

However, Economics professor Sudipta Bhattacharyya considers the move a method of elimination. "Drop of MPhil is again to eliminate a huge number of people from the job market as PhD is a time-taking exercise," he says. 

PhD without publication of papers In the new regulations, the mandatory publication of papers in peer-reviewed journals has been removed. Previously, PhD candidates were required to publish "at least one (1) research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences/seminars before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication” as per the 2016 regulations. This means that the decision to publish a paper is at the scholar's discretion.

Prof Rudra Prasad Behera opines, "PhD without publication, I believe, is like  biryani  without  elaichi ; it will work, but the aroma will be missing." However, Professor Kausik Bhattacharya notes that the requirement for mandatory publication resulted in the release of articles of low quality, "To publish any useless paper makes no sense. It cannot merely be a way to create a profile. Forced publication accomplished nothing more than pushing mass publication of subpar research papers." 

Shruthi Madhu, a PhD student at the National Institute of Technology (NIT), concurs with both Professors Bhattacharya and Behera and states, "On one hand UGC did this to do away with this pressure and in the process producing low-quality papers just for the sake of publishing. That might have been the agenda why this guideline was removed, but as a result, the push to do solid research work is no longer there and one would feel much less enthusiastic about publishing them." Shruthi continues by stating that if a candidate wants to continue their education abroad, the lack of published papers may hinder their future. "Universities abroad require you to show some work outside your PhD and candidates from other countries typically will have their PhD thesis along with numerous research papers. Although it is great that there is no strict mandate to publish a paper, it could also have unintended consequences," she remarks. 

It might also be interesting to take note of the fact that the UGC's list of journals was not always up to the mark and Prof Sudipta Bhattacharyya reminds us that many reputed journals were dropped from the list. "UGC excluded reputable journals like Economic and Political Weekly for Social Sciences and, as a damage control that dropped the provision of publication as a condition of promotion and appointment," alleges Prof Bhattacharyya. 

Is direct admission to PhD a boon or curse? Are students mature or experienced enough after a four-year course to enrol into PhD? Will this enable aspiring academicians to hasten a convenient employment search? Does a speedy process help students learn fast? These are the concerns that crop up in the face of the most drastic change in the new regulations of the UGC. "Direct enrolment into PhD after graduation, I think, is a naive move as the quality required for becoming a scholar will be rare in the mass of undergrads," says Rudra Prasad Behera. Meanwhile, Prof Kausik Bhattacharya asserts that the regulation has no bearing. "If you cannot make any changes at the fundamentals or create a vigour for research, there is no relevance to these changes," he remarks, adding, "The education system is not helping students in any way. These are insignificant changes." 

Professor of Delhi University, Rajib Roy, echoes Prof Bhattacharya when he notes the insignificance of these modifications and says, "MPhil was a breathing period and it helped me, but now one can directly enrol into PhD. You can argue that this will hasten the employment search, but then why are so many doctorates unemployed? These nomenclature changes never made any substantial changes." He concludes with crucial questions, "It is essential thus to ask why are so many overqualified students unemployed and why are there so little quality research done despite the number of papers produced?"

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UGC revises guidelines for award of doctoral degree

• Scholars are no longer required to publish research articles in peer-reviewed journals or present papers in conferences for getting a PhD .
• Working professionals can now enrol in part-time PhD programmes. The institute will require a “No Objection Certificate (NOC)” from the appropriate authority in the organisation where the candidate is employed. The NOC should clearly mention that she is permitted to pursue studies on a part-time basis.
• UGC has introduced a new requirement for PhD scholars, irrespective of discipline, to train in teaching / education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen subject during their doctoral period. They may also be assigned four to six hours per week of teaching/ research assistantship for conducting tutorial or laboratory work and evaluations.
• Students who have completed a four-year undergraduate course will be eligible for direct admission to a doctorate programme.
• Candidates should have a minimum of 75 percent marks in “aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed”. In case the candidate does not have 75 per cent marks in a four-year undergraduate programme, she has to pursue a one-year master’s programme and score at least 55 percent.
• The new rules discontinue the M.Phil programme altogether. However, that will have no bearing on those holding or pursuing M.Phil degrees currently.
• Universities and colleges will be free to admit students through the NET (National Eligibility Test )/JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) qualification route as well as entrance exams at the level of the institutions.
• If an individual institution holds its own entrance test to admit students, then the candidates need not write the NET or similar exams. The “entrance test shall consist of 50 percent research methodology and 50 percent subject specific,” the rules say. Where the selection is done by entrance test conducted by individual universities, a weightage of 70 percent will be given to performance in the written test, and 30 per cent to the interview.
• Entrance requirements for the new EWS (Economically Weaker Section) category have been relaxed by 5%.
• Academicians have by and large welcomed these changes in the regulations and expressed the hope that the PhD produced as per revised norms would be more meaningful and purposeful.

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Explained | New regulations for awarding PhDs 

Will the university grants commission’s move to remove the mandatory requirement to publish a research paper reduce pressure on doctoral scholars what led to the need to introduce new rules how have the latest regulations been received.

November 13, 2022 10:52 pm | Updated November 14, 2022 07:05 pm IST

PhD awards | Photo Credit: Getty Images/iStockphoto

The story so far: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has made sweeping changes in its latest regulations governing the award of PhDs. Important changes such as abolishing of MPhils, relaxing course work for obtaining PhDs and allowing candidates to register for a PhD after finishing four years of a graduation programme, have been seen as steps that could lead to diminishing academic rigour as well as impediments to inclusivity in higher education.

What are the key changes?

The UGC on November 7, 2022 notified the University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. One of the notable changes it made was to the evaluation and assessment criteria for the award of the degree, where it has waived the need to mandatorily publish a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal. This is accompanied by completely abolishing MPhil, which has been a gateway for PhD programmes, in line with the recommendation in the National Education Policy 2020. The eligibility criteria for admissions too have been revised, and a candidate can register after completing a one-year (or two semester) master’s degree programme after a four-year (or 8-semester) bachelor’s degree programme or a two-year (or four-semester) master’s degree programme after a three-year bachelor’s degree programme with at least 55% marks or its equivalent grade.

There are also important changes to course work. Earlier, the description of course work candidates needed to finish was more detailed, with at least four credits assigned to courses on research methodology. Candidates were also required to finish this either in the first semester, or by the second semester. Only candidates who were awarded MPhil or had completed their MPhil were exempted. But the new regulations leave it more open ended and says that all PhD scholars “shall be required to train in teaching/ education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen PhD subject.” They can also now be assigned 4-6 hours per week of teaching/research assistantship for conducting tutorial, or laboratory work and evaluations.

The UGC now also allows part-time PhDs, a practice that was disallowed under the 2009 and 2016 regulations.

How will research scholars be evaluated under the new regulations?

PhD scholars will be required to undertake research work after completing their course work, make a presentation and produce a draft dissertation or thesis. If the evaluation of the submission is satisfactory, the candidate will have to defend the thesis in a public viva voce. They will not have to publish a research paper in refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences or seminars before submitting the thesis. The Chairman of UGC M. Jagadesh Kumar says that while publishing a paper in a peer-reviewed journal is not mandatory anymore in order to curb unethical practices such as pay-to-publish or plagiarism, students should be motivated and trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals and present at conferences. He says that a one-size-fits-all approach is not desirable as doctorals in computer science prefer presenting their papers at conferences rather than publishing them in journals. Former UGC Chairman and Ambedkarite, Sukhdaeo Thorat, welcomed the move to discontinue publishing papers in journals as it would often lead poor candidates to pay to get published like their peers, as well as put them at a disadvantage as they wouldn’t have contacts to get published. However, Jamia Milia Islamia Professor Furqan Qamar says that while these concerns are valid, there is a need to provide enhanced and cost-effective opportunities to the researcher to publish as there is a limited availability of quality journals but far more researchers. He cites from the Scopus database of scientific publications for 2020 to point out that India accounted for only 4.52% of total research papers in the world though it accounts for 12% of the global faculty pool.

Are there other concerns?

Experts like Professor Thorat say that discontinuing MPhils, along with the introduction of four-year BA course and 2-year MA course with multiple exits will hurt socially disadvantaged groups who may not be able to pay for longer-duration courses and may have to exit earlier, which will put them at a disadvantage in the job market. He adds that while a four-year Bachelors course will allow some students to pursue Masters abroad without studying for one more year, others will be discriminated against. Though UGC says the move is intended to attract younger students for research.

There are also concerns over diminishing scholarships and fellowships to support PhD scholars as well as severe shortage of teachers, impacting the number of research supervisors available.

“Until the 2009 regulations were notified, the award of PhDs, their evaluation, course-work was not regulated. Part-time PhDs were also widely prevalent. In 2016, these were strengthened and publishing a paper in peer-reviewed journals was made mandatory. However, the changes being brought in the latest regulations take us back to the pre-2009 era,” says Professor Qamar.

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UGC latest Regulations for PhD

UGC has drafted the latest minimum standards and procedures ( UGC PhD regulations 2022 ) to award a PhD degree. These latest UGC regulations replace Regulation, 2016 and its two amendments: (1st amendment ) Regulations, 2018 dated the 27th of August 2018, and (2nd amendment) Regulations, 2018 dated 16th of October 2018.

Latest Regulation from UGC:

PhD admission without UGC NET in 2024

UGC regulations for part time PhD

PhD admission with four year Graduation degree

Page Contents

University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022

Eligibility criteria for admission to the phd programme.

A 1-year/2-semester Master’s degree programme (after a 4-year undergraduate degree) with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade ‘B’ on the UGC 10-point scale.

A 2-year/4-semester Master’s degree programme.

A candidate seeking admission after a 4-year/8-semester Bachelor’s degree in Research should have a minimum CGPA of 7.5/10.

A relaxation of 5 % marks can be granted to those belonging to SC/ST/OBC.

Duration of the PhD Programme

PhD programme shall be for a minimum duration of three years including coursework, and a maximum of six years. For more details regarding the extension, please read the complete PDF notification provided at the last of this blog post.

Procedure for admission

All Universities shall admit Ph.D. Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test or an Entrance test conducted at the level of individual universities.

UGC guidelines for Ph.D. thesis submission

The Ph.D. thesis submitted by a research scholar shall be evaluated by his/her Research Supervisor and at least two external examiners, who are experts in the field.

Out of the two external examiners, one must be from out of the state in which the institution is located.

The viva voce of the research scholar to defend the thesis shall be conducted only if the evaluation report(s) of the examiner(s) on the thesis recommends acceptance. If one of the evaluation reports of the examiner in case of a Ph.D. thesis, recommends rejection, the Institution shall send the thesis to an alternate examiner out of the approved panel of examiners and the viva-voce examination shall be held only if the report of the alternate examiner is satisfactory.

UGC regulations for the award of PhD

Award of degrees to candidates registered for the Ph.D. programme on or after July 11, 2009, till the date shall be governed by the provisions of the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of M.Phil./Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2009 and 2016 and their amendments .

UGC guidelines for plagiarism

Reference :

https://www.ugc.ac.in/pdfnews/4405511_Draft-UGC-PhD-regulations-2022.pdf

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UGC Rules and Regulations 2022

• August 22, 2022
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The UGC has implemented new rules related to PhD degrees. The degree is a postgraduate program that enables graduates to continue their research and teach at universities across India. It is important for all students pursuing doctoral studies to understand the changes in this area because they will impact them in the long run. This blog details the latest information on UGC 2022 updates so that you can be aware of these changes before they occur. 

Why does a PhD degree require constant changes?  

PhD is a postgraduate degree. Universities, institutes, and colleges can award it. The same is the case with all other degrees with constant rules and regulations changes. Because they are research degrees and hence needs regular updates. 

The UGC has made several changes to its PhD Rules since 2022: 

Given below are some of the major changes by the UGC: 

What is the UGC?  

The UGC is the apex body for higher education in India and has been responsible for maintaining higher education standards. An act of parliament established it in 1963, and its jurisdiction covers all universities, colleges, and other institutions providing post-secondary education. 

UGC revised Rules of PhD 2022:  

The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules. A 1-year/2-semester Master’s degree program (after a four-year undergraduate degree) with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade ‘B’ in the UGC 10- point scale (or an equivalent grade in a point scale wherever grading system is followed) is required for the candidates for admission in Ph.D. program. 

A relaxation of 5% of marks in a Master’s degree, from 55% to 50%, or an equivalent relaxation of grade, may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC(non-creamy layer)/Differently Abled Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and other categories of candidates. 

There are rules related to how UGC awards online degrees. This Blog details the latest information on UGC 2022 updates.  

UGC 2022 has been revised. The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules, effective from 1st April 2022. These rules will apply to all universities and colleges offering PhDs and other institutions such as research centers and public sector undertakings (PSUs) where PhDs are offered. 

Doctoral Degree Rules and Regulations 2022 Updates:  

The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules. There may be changes in PhD rules and regulations in 2022 regarding the following areas: 

• In case of relocation of a woman Ph.D. scholar due to marriage or otherwise, the research data shall transfer to the University/College. To which the scholar intends to relocate, with all other conditions in these regulations are in letter and spirit.
• The research work does not pertain to the project secured by parent Institution/ Supervisors from any funding agency.* All candidates admitted into PhD programs should be required to complete their coursework prescribed by the department during the initial one or two semesters; * In the case of pandemics, students need a blended mode to finish their dissertation within the given time frame. 

The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules. Here may be changing in PhD rules and regulations in 2022 regarding the following areas –  

The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules. 

Going forward, there may be changes in PhD rules and regulations in 2022 regarding the following areas.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way educational institutions work around the world. As physical classes are not a safe option, the Indian government has instructed higher educational institutions to conduct online classes for almost all universities in the country, including IGNOU. 

What difference do the new UGC rules imply?  

The UGC has implemented revised doctoral degree rules. The new PhD rules will be effective from 2023 and will implement in phases. The first phase of the implementation came out on 20th April 2019, while the second phase was up on 15th June 2019. In this blog post, we have shared some of the important updates about UGC 2022 Updates: 

• What difference do the new UGC rules imply? 
• How does it affect me as an applicant? 

How beneficial is a PhD degree?  

A PhD degree is a gateway to a career in academia, research, and industry. It also provides an excellent grounding for those who want to work as teachers or researchers in government services. 

The UGC has revised PhD rules. We hope you find this blog useful, and we intend to inform all students about the latest information about PhD regulations. We will keep updating this blog with important updates regarding doctoral degree regulations 2022, so stay tuned!  

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How far is Kaliningrad from Urgench?

The distance between Urgench (Urgench International Airport) and Kaliningrad (Khrabrovo Airport) is 2028 miles / 3263 kilometers / 1762 nautical miles.

Urgench International Airport – Khrabrovo Airport

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Distance from urgench to kaliningrad.

There are several ways to calculate the distance from Urgench to Kaliningrad. Here are two standard methods:

• 2027.565 miles
• 3263.050 kilometers
• 1761.906 nautical miles

Vincenty's formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points on the earth's surface using an ellipsoidal model of the planet.

• 2022.802 miles
• 3255.384 kilometers
• 1757.767 nautical miles

The haversine formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points assuming a spherical earth (great-circle distance – the shortest distance between two points).

How long does it take to fly from Urgench to Kaliningrad?

The estimated flight time from Urgench International Airport to Khrabrovo Airport is 4 hours and 20 minutes.

What is the time difference between Urgench and Kaliningrad?

The time difference between Urgench and Kaliningrad is 3 hours. Kaliningrad is 3 hours behind Urgench.

Flight carbon footprint between Urgench International Airport (UGC) and Khrabrovo Airport (KGD)

On average, flying from Urgench to Kaliningrad generates about 221 kg of CO2 per passenger, and 221 kilograms equals 486 pounds (lbs). The figures are estimates and include only the CO2 generated by burning jet fuel.

Map of flight path from Urgench to Kaliningrad

See the map of the shortest flight path between Urgench International Airport (UGC) and Khrabrovo Airport (KGD).

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I wonder is it possible to travel from Vilnius to Kaliningrad on a daytrip? Or would it be better to stay in Kaliningrad for a nigth or two? And if it's possible is it possible to get a Visa on the border to Kaliningrad or should I have fixed that before. (I think I saw something about that you colud get a 48-hours Visa for Kaliningrad if you arrived by boat I think- anyone who knows?) Thank you in advance.

If you can get visa on border then this is only if you enter Kaliningrad district from Poland, but i'm not sure about that. From LT you can't get visa on border.

"As a day trip from Vilnius" - it takes roughly 1 day to get from Vilnius to Kaliningrad city (the bus departs 13:15, arrives 20:35). How much you will stay there is another story.

Yes, to get visa take more time, than you think, especially to Russia. this is all information, use google translator http://www.lithuania.mid.ru/viz_vop.html . the cost is from 90-100 eur. depends on how much you can wait.

the bus tickets is much more cheaper: for example ecolines, very popular in eastern europe, chech there : http://ecolines.net/en/?l=2

Vilnius-kaliningard 20 eur.

This topic has been closed to new posts due to inactivity.

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A convoy of clearly marked armored U.N. vehicles in Gaza was encircled and held at gunpoint on Monday by Israeli forces seeking to question two of the U.N. staff, the United Nations said on Tuesday.