literature review of irrigation system

LoRaWAN-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: A Literature Review

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• Khaoula Taji   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-7809 24 &
• Fadoua Ghanimi   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-3834 24  

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Water, an indispensable resource for human survival, agriculture, and industrial processes, confronts growing challenges exacerbated by inefficient water management practices, population expansion, and the impacts of climate change. Consequently, there is an alarming increase in water stress and scarcity. In response, this article explores the application of LoRaWAN in smart irrigation systems based on Internet of Thing for large urban areas. The literature review focuses on emphasizing LoRaWAN's unique advantages over other communication technologies in the context of smart irrigation. It covers core concepts, system architectures, and sensor technologies specific to LoRaWAN-based smart irrigation, highlighting its efficacy in overcoming obstacles and enhancing wireless communication. Additionally, the review underlines the integration of data analytics and machine learning (ML) for improved decision-making in water resource management. The comparative analysis positions LoRaWAN as a robust choice, particularly addressing challenges like network coverage, scalability, and energy efficiency in agricultural settings. This succinct synthesis serves as a literature review, shedding light on the distinctive benefits of LoRaWAN in the realm of smart irrigation.

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Taji, K., Ghanimi, F. (2024). LoRaWAN-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: A Literature Review. In: Farhaoui, Y. (eds) Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, IOT and Block Chain in Healthcare: From Concepts to Applications. BDBI 2024. Information Systems Engineering and Management, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65018-5_3

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• Review Article
• Published: 20 June 2023

Irrigation in the Earth system

• Sonali McDermid   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4244-772X 1 , 2 ,
• Mallika Nocco   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-8759 3 ,
• Patricia Lawston-Parker 4 , 5 ,
• Jessica Keune   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6104-2165 6 ,
• Yadu Pokhrel   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-216X 7 ,
• Meha Jain   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6821-473X 8 ,
• Jonas Jägermeyr 2 , 9 , 10 ,
• Luca Brocca   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9080-260X 11 ,
• Christian Massari   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0983-1276 11 ,
• Andrew D. Jones   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1913-7870 12 , 13 ,
• Pouya Vahmani   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-6671 12 ,
• Wim Thiery   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-6145 14 ,
• Yi Yao 14 ,
• Andrew Bell   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1164-312X 15 ,
• Liang Chen 16 ,
• Wouter Dorigo   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-7572 17 ,
• Naota Hanasaki   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-7563 18 ,
• Scott Jasechko 19 ,
• Min-Hui Lo   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-143X 20 ,
• Rezaul Mahmood 21 ,
• Vimal Mishra   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-6296 22 ,
• Nathaniel D. Mueller 23 , 24 ,
• Dev Niyogi 25 , 26 ,
• Sam S. Rabin   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4095-1129 27 , 28 ,
• Lindsey Sloat 24 , 29 ,
• Yoshihide Wada   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-2539 30 ,
• Luca Zappa   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-229X 17 ,
• Fei Chen 28 ,
• Benjamin I. Cook   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4501-9229 2 ,
• Hyungjun Kim   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-8416 31 ,
• Danica Lombardozzi   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-7929 28 ,
• Jan Polcher 32 ,
• Dongryeol Ryu   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-6209 33 ,
• Joe Santanello   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-6590 4 ,
• Yusuke Satoh 31 ,
• Sonia Seneviratne   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9528-2917 34 ,
• Deepti Singh   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-435X 35 &
• Tokuta Yokohata   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-7988 36  

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment volume  4 ,  pages 435–453 ( 2023 ) Cite this article

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An Author Correction to this article was published on 18 October 2023

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Irrigation accounts for ~70% of global freshwater withdrawals and ~90% of consumptive water use, driving myriad Earth system impacts. In this Review, we summarize how irrigation currently impacts key components of the Earth system. Estimates suggest that more than 3.6 million km 2 of currently irrigated land, with hot spots in the intensively cultivated US High Plains, California Central Valley, Indo-Gangetic Basin and northern China. Process-based models estimate that ~2,700 ± 540 km 3 irrigation water is withdrawn globally each year, broadly consistent with country-reported values despite these estimates embedding substantial uncertainties. Expansive irrigation has modified surface energy balance and biogeochemical cycling. A shift from sensible to latent heat fluxes, and resulting land–atmosphere feedbacks, generally reduce regional growing season surface temperatures by ~1–3 °C. Irrigation can ameliorate temperature extremes in some regions, but conversely exacerbates moist heat stress. Modelled precipitation responses are more varied, with some intensive cropping regions exhibiting suppressed local precipitation but enhanced precipitation downstream owing to atmospheric circulation interactions. Additionally, irrigation could enhance cropland carbon uptake; however, it can also contribute to elevated methane fluxes in rice systems and mobilize nitrogen loading to groundwater. Cross-disciplinary, integrative research efforts can help advance understanding of these irrigation–Earth system interactions, and identify and reduce uncertainties, biases and limitations.

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Sustainable irrigation and climate feedbacks

Half of twenty-first century global irrigation expansion has been in water-stressed regions

Climate-driven interannual variability in subnational irrigation areas across Europe

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Aspen Global Change Institute and D. Lawrence for their support in this topic and our discussions. H.K. acknowledges the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant Funded by the Korea Government (MSIT) (2021H1D3A2A03097768) and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) as a part of the Belmont Forum under the grant number JPMJBF2101. Y.P. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (Awards #: 1752729 and 2127643). L.B., C.M., W.D., and L.Z., acknowledge support from the European Space Agency projects IRRIGATION+ (contract number 4000129870/20/I-NB) and 4DMED-Hydrology (4000136272/21/I-EF). P.V. and A.D.J. acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, as part of research in the MultiSector Dynamics, Earth and Environmental System Modeling Program. W.T. acknowledges the DLR/BMBF (DE, grant no. 01LS1905A), NWO (NL), the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and the European Union for supporting the project ‘LAnd MAnagement for CLImate Mitigation and Adaptation’ (LAMACLIMA) (grant agreement no. 300478), which is part of ERA4CS, an ERA-NET initiated by JPI Climate. N.D.M. and L.S. acknowledge support from the Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research (FF-NIA19-0000000003). M.H.L acknowledges support from NSTC Grant 110-2628-M-002-004-MY4 and 111-2111-M-002-019. R. M. acknowledges support from an NSF Grant AGS-1853390. T.Y. is supported by MEXT-Program for the advanced studies of climate change projection (SENTAN) Grant Number JPMXD0722681344. J.J. was supported by the NASA GISS Climate Impacts Group and the Open Philanthropy Project.

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Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, NY, USA

Sonali McDermid

NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA

Sonali McDermid, Jonas Jägermeyr & Benjamin I. Cook

Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Mallika Nocco

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA

Patricia Lawston-Parker & Joe Santanello

University of Maryland, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, College Park, MD, USA

Patricia Lawston-Parker

Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Jessica Keune

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Yadu Pokhrel

School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Columbia University, Climate School, New York, NY, USA

Jonas Jägermeyr

Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany

National Research Council, Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection (CNR-IRPI), Perugia, Italy

Luca Brocca & Christian Massari

Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA

Andrew D. Jones & Pouya Vahmani

Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

Andrew D. Jones

Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

Wim Thiery & Yi Yao

Department of Earth & Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

Andrew Bell

Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA

Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria

Wouter Dorigo & Luca Zappa

Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan

Naota Hanasaki

Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA

Scott Jasechko

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

High Plains Regional Climate Center, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA

Rezaul Mahmood

Civil Engineering and Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India

Vimal Mishra

Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

Nathaniel D. Mueller

Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

Nathaniel D. Mueller & Lindsey Sloat

Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

Cockrell School of Engineering, UT Austin, Austin, TX, USA

Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

Sam S. Rabin

Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA

Sam S. Rabin, Fei Chen & Danica Lombardozzi

Land and Carbon Lab, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, USA

Lindsey Sloat

Center for Desert Agriculture, Climate and Livability Initiative, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia

Yoshihide Wada

Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea

Hyungjun Kim & Yusuke Satoh

LMD-IPSL, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechniqu, Paris, France

Jan Polcher

Department of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Dongryeol Ryu

Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Sonia Seneviratne

School of the Environment, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA

Deepti Singh

Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba,, Japan

Tokuta Yokohata

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A Literature Review on Drip Irrigation System

• N. N. Saxena

Land and water represent the country's fundamental needs for agriculture and economic growth. By 2025, 1/3 of the world's population will face total water shortage. Agriculture consumes over eighty percentage of the exploitable water supplies of the world. The global productivity of the agricultural sector & the expected rate of development in GDP entirely rely primarily on the sagacious utilize of the obtainable water supplies. Therefore, this Micro Irrigation scheme which aim to increase the region under the efficient irrigation techniques via irrigation by Drip technique. Drip irrigation is the effective way of delivering irrigation of water directly to soil in the plant's root areas, reducing typical mislaying such as soil erosion, deep percolation and runoff. This also permits fertilizers, nutrients, & other water-soluble substances to be used along with irrigation water, leading to higher yields and improved production results. Drip irrigation systems is seen the solution to several challenges of dry land cultivation and increasing the output of irrigated cultivation. In view of all these, the present research was planned to research the degree of advantages obtained from drip irrigation in horticultural crops and to recognize the constraints faced by farmers in the adoption of the drip irrigation in horticultural crops.

• 2021-03-18 (2)
• 2021-03-01 (1)

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International Journal of Modern Agriculture