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CBSE Presentation of Data Class 11 MCQs of Statistics for Economics Chapter 4

Presentation of data class 11 mcqs: find here multiple choice questions and answers for cbse class 11 statistics for economics chapter 4, presentation of data. these have been prepared as per cbse’s latest syllabus 2023-2024..

Presentation   of Data Class 11 MCQs: This article consists of a list of 10 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for CBSE Class 11 Statistics for Economics Chapter 4, Presentation of Data. Also, find attached a PDF download link for the same. Students don’t have to worry while referring to this list since they are completely based on the updated CBSE Syllabus 2023-2024 curriculum. They can use this list as a source of practice for the preparation of annual examinations.

• Easy form of assessment
• Less time consuming
• Tests in-depth knowledge
• Develops soft skills like brainstorming, problem-solving, critical thinking, and lateral thinking
• Covers multiple aspects of theory for assessment
• It can be easily analyzed
• On-the-spot feedback/result
• Mobile-friendly

Here, we have mentioned some of the most important benefits of MCQs. You can find many more such by actually involving in the process of solving MCQs. It is essential for students to practice MCQs and develop a habit of solving them within the deadlines, which happens to be the most critical task for students under pressure.

CBSE Class 11 Economics Syllabus 2023-2024

CBSE Class 11 Economics Deleted Syllabus 2023-2024(PDF)

Revision Notes for Class 11 Economics 2023-2024

MCQs for CBSE Class 11 Economics Collection of Data (2023-2024)

MCQs for CBSE Class 11 Economics Organization of Data (2023-2024)

MCQs for CBSE Class 11Economics Presentation of Data (2023-2024)

MCQs for CBSE Class 11 Statistics for Economics Chapter 4, Presentation of Data are presented below:

1. Which of the following is not a method of presenting data?

(a) Tabulation

(b) Diagrammatic representation

(c) Statistical analysis

(d) None of these 

2. Which of the following is not a basis for the classification of a table?

(a)According to time

(b) According to space

(c) According to size

(d) According to the order 

3. Which of the following is not a graphical method of presenting data?

(a) Bar diagram

(b) Pie chart

(c) Histogram

(d) Frequency polygon

4. Which of the following is not a limitation of tabulation?

(a) It is not suitable for large data sets.

(b) It is not suitable for comparing data sets.

(c) It is not suitable for presenting data in a clear and attractive manner.

5. Which of the following is not a limitation of diagrammatic representation?

(a) It is not suitable for presenting large data sets.

(d) It is not suitable for showing the relationship between different variables. 

6. The number of rows in a table is known as the _______.

(d) Columns 

7. The number of columns in a table is known as the _______.

(d) Rows 

8. The title of a table is placed _______.

(a) Above the table

(b) Below the table

(c) In the middle of the table

9. The headings of the rows and columns of a table are called _______.

(a) Captions

(c) Subtitles

10. The data in a table is arranged in _______ order.

(a) Sequential

(b) Alphabetical

(c) Numerical

CBSE Class 11 Syllabus 2023-24 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 11 Deleted Syllabus 2023-24 (All Subjects)

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NCERT solutions for Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) chapter 4 - Presentation of Data [Latest edition]

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Solutions for chapter 4: presentation of data.

Below listed, you can find solutions for Chapter 4 of CBSE NCERT for Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics).

NCERT solutions for Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) Chapter 4 Presentation of Data Exercise [Pages 56 - 57]

Answer the following questions, 1 to 10, choosing the correct answer..

Bar diagram is a ______ 

one-dimensional diagram

two-dimensional diagram

diagram with no dimension

none of the above

Data represented through a histogram can help in finding graphically the ______ 

all the above

Ogives can be helpful in locating graphically the ______ 

Data represented through arithmetic line graph help in understanding ______ 

long-term trend

cyclicity in data

seasonality in data

The width of bars in a bar diagram need not be equal.

The width of rectangles in a histogram should essentially be equal.

Histogram can only be formed with the continuous classification of data.

Histogram and column diagram is the same method of presentation of data.

The mode of a frequency distribution can be known graphically with the help of a histogram. 

The median of a frequency distribution cannot be known from the ogives. 

What kinds of diagrams are more effective in representing the following?

Monthly rainfall in a year

Composition of the population of Delhi by religion

Components of cost in a factory

Suppose you want to emphasize the increase in the share of urban non-workers and lower level of urbanization in India as shown in the Census of India, 2001. How would you do it in the tabular form? 

How does the procedure of drawing a histogram differ when class intervals are unequal in comparison to equal class intervals in a frequency table?

The Indian Sugar Mills Association reported that ‘Sugar production during the first fortnight of December 2001 was about 3,87,000 tonnes, as against 3,78,000 tonnes during the same fortnight last year (2000). The off-take of sugar from factories during the first fortnight of December 2001 was 2,83,000 tonnes for internal consumption and 41,000 tonnes for exports as against 1,54,000 tonnes for internal consumption and nil for exports during the same fortnight last season.’

Present the data in tabular form.

Suppose you were to present these data in a diagrammatic form which of the diagrams would you use and why?

Present these data diagrammatically.

The following table shows the estimated sectoral real growth rates (percentage change over the previous year) in GDP at factor cost.

Represent the data as multiple time-series graphs.

NCERT solutions for Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) chapter 4 - Presentation of Data

Shaalaa.com has the CBSE Mathematics Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) CBSE solutions in a manner that help students grasp basic concepts better and faster. The detailed, step-by-step solutions will help you understand the concepts better and clarify any confusion. NCERT solutions for Mathematics Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) CBSE 4 (Presentation of Data) include all questions with answers and detailed explanations. This will clear students' doubts about questions and improve their application skills while preparing for board exams.

Further, we at Shaalaa.com provide such solutions so students can prepare for written exams. NCERT textbook solutions can be a core help for self-study and provide excellent self-help guidance for students.

Concepts covered in Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) chapter 4 Presentation of Data are Collection of Data, Sources of Data - Primary, Sources of Data - Secondary, Concepts of Sampling, How Basic Data is Collected, Methods of Collecting Data, Some Important Sources of Secondary Data, Organisation of Data, Meaning of Variables, Types of Variables, Organisation of Data - Raw Data, Organisation of Data - Frequency Series, Organisation of Data - Frequency Distribution, Tabular Presentation and Diagrammatic Presentation of Data - Geometric Form, Tabular Presentation and Diagrammatic Presentation of Data - Frequency Diagrams, Abular Presentation and Diagrammatic Presentation of Data - Arithmetic Line Graphs, Introduction to Presentation of Data, Textual Presentation of Data, Tabular Presentation of Data, Tabulation of Data and Parts of a Table, Diagrammatic Presentation of Data, Presentation of Data - Conclusion.

Using NCERT Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) solutions Presentation of Data exercise by students is an easy way to prepare for the exams, as they involve solutions arranged chapter-wise and also page-wise. The questions involved in NCERT Solutions are essential questions that can be asked in the final exam. Maximum CBSE Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) students prefer NCERT Textbook Solutions to score more in exams.

Get the free view of Chapter 4, Presentation of Data Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) additional questions for Mathematics Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) CBSE, and you can use Shaalaa.com to keep it handy for your exam preparation.

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• Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics

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CBSE Economics Chapter 4 Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The best app for CBSE students now provides Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE exams and school based annual examinations. Class 11 Economics notes on Chapter 4 Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics are also available for download in CBSE Guide website.

CBSE Guide Presentation of Data class 11 Notes

CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 11 Economics text book. Users can download CBSE guide quick revision notes from myCBSEguide mobile app and my CBSE guide website.

Download CBSE class 11th revision notes for Chapter 4 Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics in PDF format for free. Download revision notes for Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics and score high in exams. These are the Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics prepared by team of expert teachers. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter in minutes. Revising notes in exam days is on of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days.

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CBSE Class 11 Economics Revision Notes Chapter – 4 Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics

The presentation of data means exhibition of data in such a clear and attractive manner that these can be easily understood and analysed.

Forms of Presentation of data: 1. Textual/Descriptive Presentation 2. Tabular Presentation 3. Diagrammatic Presentation 4. Graphical Presentation

1. Textual/Descriptive Presentation of Data:- In this, data is presented in the form of text. This is suitable when quantity of data is not too large.

2. Tabulation – It is the process of presenting data in the form of a table. Parts or components of Table: 1. Table Number 2. Title 3. Caption Or Column Headings 4. Stubs Or Row Headings 5.  Body of the Table 6. Unit of Measurement 7. Source 8. Head Note 9. Foot Note

Features of a good table: (a) Compatible with the objective (b) Helpful in comparison (c) Ideal Size (d) Stubs (e) Headings (f) Percentage and ratio (g) Sources of Data (h) Simplicity

Kinds of Table: 1. According to Purpose 2. According to originality 3. According to construction

Classification of tabular presentation of data 1. Qualitative Classification:- When classification is done according to attributes such as social status, nationality, etc. It is called qualitative classification. 2. Quantitative Classification:- In this, the data are classified on the basis of characteristics which are quantitative in nature. e.g., age, height, income, etc. 3. Temporal classification:- In this, time becomes the becomes the classifying variable and data are categorised according to time. Time may be in hours, weeks, years, etc. 4. Spatial classification:- When classification is done on the basis of place, it is called spatial classification. The place may be village, town, state, country, etc.

Diagrammatic Presentation : When data is presented in a simple and attractive manner in the form of diagrams is called diagrammatic presentation of data.

Types of Diagrammatic Presentation : 1. Geometric Form a. Pie Diagram b. Bar Diagram i. Simple ii. Multiple iii. Sub Divided iv. Percentage

2. Frequency Diagram a. Histogram b. Frequency Polygon c. Frequency Curve d. Ogive curve

3. Arithmetic Line Graph or Time series graph 1. Bar diagram:-  Bar diagrams are those diagrams in which data are presented in the form of bars or rectangles. Simple bar diagram:- They are those diagrams which are based on a single set of numerical data. Different items are represented by different bars. Multiple bar diagram:- They are those diagrams which show two or more sets of data simultaneously. This type of diagram is, generally, used to make comparison between two sets of series. Sub divided bar diagram:- These are those diagrams which present simultaneously, total values and parts there in a set of a data. Percentage bar diagram:-  They are those diagram which show simultaneously different parts off the values of a sets of data in terms of percentage. Deviation bar diagram:-  These are used to compare the net deviation of related variables with respect to time and location. Bars which represent positive deviation and which represent negative deviation are drawn above and below the base line respectively. Pie or circular diagram is a circle divided into various segments showing the per cent values of a series. Histogram is graphical presentations of a frequency distribution of a continuous series.It can never be drawn for a discrete series. Frequency polygon is drawn by joining the mid points of the tops of rectangles in a histogram. It is constructed with the help of discrete as well as continuous series. Frequency curve is obtained by joining the points of a frequency polygon through free hand smooth curve not by straight lines. Cumulative frequency curves or ogive curve is the curve which is constructed by plotting cumulative frequency data on the graph paper in the form of a smooth curve. Arithmetic line Graphs or Time Series Graphs:-   In this graph, time(hour,day, date, week, month, year) is plotted along X-axis and the  corresponding value of variable along Y-axis.

Presentation of Data class 11 Notes

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• CBSE Revision notes for Class 11 Economics PDF
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Presentation of Data class 11 Notes Economics. CBSE quick revision note for class-11 Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

Statistics for Economics Class 11 Notes Chapter 4 Presentation of Data

July 5, 2019 by Sastry CBSE

Textual Presentation In textual presentation, data are a part of the text of study or a part of the description of the subject matter of study.

Tabular Presentation of Data “Tabulation involves the orderly and systematic presentation of numerical data in a form designed to elucidate the problem under consideration”

Components of a Table Following are the principal components of a table

• Table number
• Body or field

Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation (i) Qualitative Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation Qualitative classification occurs when data are classified on the basis of qualitative attributes or qualitative.

(ii) Characteristics of a Phenomenon

• Quantitative Classification of Data These occurs when data are classified on the basis ot quantitative characteristics of a phenomenon.
• Temporal Classified of Data In this, data are classified according to time, and time becomes the classifying variable.

(iii) Spatial Classification In spatial classification place, location becomes the classifying variable. It may be a village, a town, a district, etc. (iv) Merits of Tabular Presentation

• Simple and brief presentation
• Facilitates comparison
• Easy analysis
• High lights characteristics of data

Diagrammatic Presentation of Data These translates quite effectively the highly abstract ideas contained in numbers into more concrete and easily comprehensible form. Diagrammatic presentation is classified as given below (i) Bar Diagrams Bar diagrams are these diagrams in which data are presented in the form of bars or rectangles. Types of Bar Diagram are as follows

• Simple Bar Diagrams Simple bar diagrams are those diagrams which are based on a single set of numerical data.
• Multiple Bar Diagrams These are those diagram which show two or more sets of data simultaneously.
• Sub Divided Bar Diagram Sub-divided bar diagram are those diagrams which simultaneously present total values as well as part values of a set of data.
• Percentage Bar Diagram Percentage bar diagrams are those diagrams which show simultaneously, different parts of the values of a set of data in terms of percentages.

(ii) Pie or Circular Diagrams Pie diagram is a circle divided into various segments showing the per cent values of a series. This diagram does not show absolute values. (iii) Frequency Diagram Data in the form of grouped frequency distributions are generally represented by frequency diagram like histogram, frequency polygon, frequency curve and ogive.

• Histogram of equal class intervals
• Histogram of unequal class intervals
• Polygon Polygon is another form of diagrammatic presentation of data. It is formed by joining mid points of the tops of all rectangles in a histogram. However, a polygon can be drawn even without constructing a histogram.
• Frequency Curve A frequency curve is a curve which is plotted by joining the mid points of all tops of histogram by free hand smoothed curves and not by straight lines.
• Less than Method In this method, beginning from upper limit of the 1st values we go on adding the frequencies corresponding to every next upper limit of the series.
• More than Method In this method, we take cumulative total of the frequencies beginning with lower limit of the 1st class interval.

(iv) Arithmetic Line Graph An arithmetic line graph is also called time series graph. In it time is plotted along x-axis and the value of the variable along y-axis. A line graph by joining these plotted points, these obtained is called time series graph.

Rules for Constructing a Graph

• Choice of scale
• Proportion of axis
• Method of plotting the points
• Lines of different types
• Table of data
• Use of false line
• One Variable Graph One variable graph are those graphs in which values of only one variable are shown with respect to some time period.
• Two or More than Two Variable Graphs These – are the graphs in which values of two variables are simultaneously shown with respect to some period of time.

Merits of Diagrammatic and Graphic Presentation

• Simple and understandable information
• Lasting impact
• No need of training or specialised knowledge
• Attractive and effective means of presentation
• A quick comparative glance
• Information and entertaining
• Location of averages
• Study of correlation

Limitations of Diagrammatic and Graphic Presentation

• Limited use
• Only preliminary conclusions

Statistics for Economics Class 11 Notes

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Presentation of Data Class 11 Statistics Notes And Questions

Please refer to Presentation of Data Class 11 Statistics notes and questions with solutions below. These Class 11 Statistics revision notes and important examination questions have been prepared based on the latest Statistics books for Class 11. You can go through the questions and solutions below which will help you to get better marks in your examinations.

Class 11 Statistics Presentation of Data Notes and Questions

The presentation of data means exhibition of the data in such a dear and attractive manner that these are easily understood and analysed. There are many forms of presentation of data of which the following three are well known: (i) Textual or Descriptive Presentation, (ii) Tabular Presentation, and (iii) Diagrammatic Presentation. The present chapter focuses on Textual and Tabular Presentation of data. Diagrammatic Presentation of data is discussed in the next chapter.

1. TEXTUAL PRESENTATION In textual presentation, data are a part of the text of study or a part of the description of the subject matter of study. Such a presentation is also called descriptive presentation of data. This is the most common form of data presentation when the quantity of data is not very large. Here are some examples:

Example 1 In a strike call given by the trade unions of shoe making industry in the city of Delhi, 50% of the workers reported for the duty, and only 2 out of the 20 industries in the city were totally closed.

Example 2 Surveys conducted by a Non-government Organisation reveal that, in the state of Punjab, area under pulses has tended to shrink by 40% while the area under rice and wheat has tended to expand by 20%, between the years 2001-2011.

Suitability Textual presentation of data is most suitable when the quantum of data is not very large. A small volume of data presented as a part of the subject matter of study becomes a useful supportive evidence to the text. Thus, rather than saying that price of gold is skyrocketing, a statement like price of gold has risen by 50% during the financial year 2017- 18 is much more meaningful and precise. One need not support the text with voluminous data in the form of tables or diagram when the textual matter itself is very small and includes only a few observations. Indeed, textual presentation of data is an integral component of a small quantitative description of a phenomenon. It gives an emphasis of statistical truth to the otherwise qualitative observations.

Drawbacks A serious drawback of die textual presentation of data is that one has to go through the entire text before quantitative facts about a phenomenon become evident. A picture or a set of bars showing increase in the price of gold during a specified period is certainly quite informative even on a casual glance of the reader. Textual presentation of data, on the other hand, does not offer anything to the reader at a mere glance of the text matter. The reader must read and comprehend (he entire text. When the subject under study is vast and involves comparison across different areas/countries, textual presentation of data would only add to discomfort of the reader.

2. TABULAR PRESENTATION In the words of Neiswanger, “A statistical table is a systematic organisation of data in columns and rows” Vertical dissections of table (||) are known as columns and horizontal dissections (=) are known as rows.

Tabulation is the process of presenting data in the form of a table. According to Prof. L.R. Connor, ‘tabulation involves the orderly and systematic presentation of numerical data in a form designed to elucidate the problem under consideration. ”

In the words of Prof. M.M. Blair, “Tabulation in its broadest sense is an orderly arrangement of data in columns and rows.”

Components of a Table Following are the principal components of a table:

(1) Table Number: First of all, a table must be numbered. Different tables must have different numbers, e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc. These numbers must be in the same order as the tables. Numbers facilitate location of the tables.

(2) Title: A table must have a title. Title must be written in bold letters. It should attract the attention of the readers. The title must be simple, clear and short. A good title must reveal: (i) the problem under consideration, (ii) the time period of the study, (iii) the place of study, and (iv) the nature of classification of data. A good title is short but complete in all respects.

(3) Head Note: If the title of the table does not give complete information, it is supplemented with a head note. Head note completes the information in the title of the table. Thus, units of the data are generally expressed in the form of lakhs, tonnes, etc. and preferably in brackets as a head-note.

(4) Stubs: Stubs are titles of the rows of a table. These titles indicate information contained in the rows of the table.

(5) Caption: Caption is the title given to the columns of a table. A caption indicates information contained in the columns of the table. A caption may have sub-heads when information contained in the columns is divided in more than one class. For example, a caption of ‘Students’ may have boys and girls as sub-heads.

(6) Body or Field: Body of a table means sum total of the items in the table. Thus, body is the most important part of a table. It indicates values of the various items in the table. Each item in the body is called ‘cell’.

(7) Footnotes: Footnotes are given for clarification of the reader. These are generally given when information in the table need to be supplemented. «

(8) Source: When tables are based on secondary data, source of the data is to be given. Source of the data is specified below the footnote. It should give: name of the publication and publisher, year of publication, reference, page number, etc.

Difference between Table and Tabulation

While tabulation refers to the method or process of presenting data in the form of rows and columns, table refers to the actual presentation of data in the form of rows and columns. Table is the consequence (result) of tabulation.

Check [he following format of a table showing its various components:

Guidelines for the Construction of a Table or Features of a Good Table

Construction of a table depends upon the objective of study. It also depends upon the wisdom of the statistician. There are no hard and fast rules for the construction of a table. However, some important guidelines should be kept in mind. These guidelines are features of a good table. These are as under:

(1) Compatible Title: Title of a table must be compatible with the objective of the study. The title should be placed at the top centre of the table.

(2) Comparison: It should be kept in mind that items (cells) which are to be compared with each other are placed in columns or rows close to each other. This facilitates comparison.

(3) Special Emphasis: Some items in the table may need special emphasis. Such items should be placed in the head rows (top above) or head columns (extreme left). Moreover, such items should be presented in bold figures.

(4) Ideal Size: Table must be of an ideal size. To determine an ideal size of a table, a rough draft or sketch must be drawn. Rough draft will give an idea as to how many rows and columns should be drawn for presentation of the data.

(5) Stubs: If rows are very long, stubs may be given at the right hand side of the table also.

(6) Use of Zero: Zero should be used only to indicate the quantity of a variable. It should not be used to indicate the non-availability of data. If the data are not available, it should be indicated by ‘n.a.’ or (-) hyphen sign.

(7) Headings: Headings should generally be written in the singular form. For example, in the columns indicating goods, the word ‘good’ should be used.

(8) Abbreviations: Use of abbreviations should be avoided in the headings or subheadings of the table. Short forms of the words such as Govt., m.p. (monetary policy), etc. should not be used. Also such signs as “(ditto)” should not be used in the body of the table.

(9) Footnote: Footnote should be given only if needed. However, if footnote is to be given, it must bear some asterisk mark (*) corresponding to the concerned item. (10) Units: Units used must be specified above the columns. If figures are very large, units may be noted in the short form as ‘000’ hectare or ‘000’ tonnes.

(11) Total: In the table, sub-totals of the items must be given at the end of each row. Grand total of the items must also be noted.

(12) Percentage and Ratio: Percentage figures should be provided in the table, if possible. This makes the data more informative.

(13) Extent of Approximation: If some approximate figures have been used in the table, the extent of approximation must be noted. This may be indicated at the top of the table as a part of head note or at the foot of the table as a footnote.

(14) Source of Data: Source of data must be noted at the foot of the table. It is generally noted next to the footnote.

(15) Size of Columns: Size of the columns must be uniform and symmetrical.

(16) Ruling of Columns: Columns may be divided into different sections according to similarities of the data.

(17) Simple, Economical and Attractive: A table must be simple, attractive and economical in space.

Kinds of Tables There are three basis of classifying tables, viz., (1) purpose of a table, (2) originality of a table, and (3) construction of a table. According to each of these bases, statisticians have classified tables as in the following flow chart:

Let us attempt a brief description of the various kinds of tables:

(1) Tables according to Purpose

According to purpose, there are two kinds of tables:

(i) General Purpose Table: General purpose table is that table which is of general use. It does not serve any specific purpose or specific problem under consideration. Such tables are just ‘data bank’ for the use of researchers for their various studies. These tables are generally attached to some official reports, like Census Reports oflndia. These are also called Reference Tables.

(ii) Special Purpose Table: Special purpose table is that table which is prepared with some specific purpose in mind. Generally, these are small tables limited to the problem under consideration. In these tables data are presented in the form of result of the analysis. That is why these tables are also called summary tables.

(2) Tables according to Originality On the basis of originality, tables are of two kinds: (i) Original Table: An original table is that in which data are presented in the same form and manner in which they are collected. (ii) Derived Table: A derived table is that in which data are not presented in the form or manner in which these are collected. Instead the data are first converted into ratios or percentage and then presented.

(3) Tables according to Construction

According to construction, tables are of two kinds:

(i) Simple or One-way Table: A simple table is that which shows only one characteristic of the data. Table 2 below is an example of a simple table. It shows number of students in a college:

(ii) Complex Table: A complex table is one which shows more than one characteristic of the data. On the basis of the characteristics shown, these tables may be further classified as:

(a) Double or Two-way Table: A two-way table is that which shows two characteristics of the data. For example, Table 3, showing the number of students in different classes according to their sex, is a two-way table:                          Number of Students in a College                            (According to Sex and Class)

(b) Treble Table: A treble table is that which shows three characteristics of the data. For example, Table 4 shows number of students in a college according to class, sex and habitation.                                       Number of Students in a College                                   (According to Class, Sex and Habitation)

(c) Manifold Table: A manifold table is the one which shows more than three characteristics of the data. Table 5, for example, shows number of students in a college according to their sex, class, habitation and marital status.                                   Number of Students in a College                      (According to their Sex, Class, Habitation and Marital Status)

Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation Tabular presentation is based on four-fold classification of data, viz., qualitative, quantitative, temporal, and spatial. Following are the details with suitable illustrations.

(1) Qualitative Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation: Qualitative classification occurs when data are classified on the basis of qualitative attributes or qualitative characteristics of a phenomenon. Example: Data of unemployment may relate to rural-urban areas, skilled and unskilled workers, or male and female job-seekers. Table 6 below is an example of tabular presentation of data when data are classified on the basis of qualitative attributes or qualitative characteristics.

(This is an imaginary table. In this table, male and female are such characteristics/attributes which are qualitative and cannot be quantified.)

(2) Quantitative Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation: Quantitative classification occurs when data are classified on the basis of quantitative characteristics of a phenomenon.

Example: Data on marks in Mathematics by the students of Class XII in CBSE examination. Table 7 shows tabular presentation of data when data are classified on the basis of quantitative characteristics.

Marks Obtained by Students of Class XII of XYZ School

Source: Result Sheets Here, marks are a quantifiable variable and data are classified in terms of different class intervals of marks.

(3) Temporal Classification of Data and Tabular Presentation:

In temporal classification, data are classified according to time, and time becomes the classifying variable.

Example: Sale of Cell phones in different years during the period 2014-2018 in the city of Delhi. Table 8 shows tabular presentation of data on the basis of temporal classification.

Annual Sale of Cell Phones in the City of Delhi (2014-2018)

(4) Spatial Classification : In spatial classification, place/location becomes the classifying variable. It may be a village, a town, a district, a state or a country as a whole. Example: Number of Indian students studying in different countries of the world during a particular year. Table 9 is an example of tabular presentation based on spatial classification of data.

Indian Students in different Countries of the World (2018)

Merits of Tabular Presentation Following are the principal merits of tabular presentation of data:

(1) Simple and Brief Presentation: Tabular presentation is perhaps the most simplest form of data presentation. Data, therefore, are easily understood. Also, a large volume of statistical data is presented in a very brief form.

(2) Facilitates Comparison: The tabulation facilitates comparison of data by presenting the data in different classes.

(3) Easy Analysis: It is very easy to analyse the data from tables. It is by organising the data in the form of table that one finds out their central tendency, dispersion and correlation.

(4) Highlights Characteristics of Data: Tabulation highlights characteristics of data. Accordingly, it becomes easy to remember the statistical facts.

(5) Economical: Tabular presentation is a very economical mode of data presentation. It saves time as well as space.

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Diagrammatic Presentation of Data- Bar Diagrams & Pies Class 11 Solutions TR Jain (PDF Available)

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Presentation of Data Class 11 Notes and Mind map

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Welcome to WitKnowLearn, where we offer a comprehensive guide to the 'Presentation of Data' in Class 11, a pivotal topic in the NCERT Class 11 Economics curriculum. Our expertly crafted Presentation of Data Class 11 Notes are designed to provide students with a clear and thorough understanding of this essential subject.

Presentation of data is a vital skill in Class 11 Economics, as it enables students to effectively communicate statistical information. Our notes cover everything from basic presentation methods to advanced diagrammatic techniques. We delve deep into different ways of presenting data, ensuring that you grasp both the theory and application of these methods.

To complement our notes, we've developed a unique Presentation of Data Class 11 Mind Map. This innovative tool simplifies complex concepts and visually connects various ideas related to data presentation. It’s an excellent resource for quick revision and helps solidify your understanding of the topic.

Moreover, we offer a variety of Presentation of Data Class 11 Extra Questions and Answers to challenge and test your knowledge. These questions are specifically designed to prepare you for your exams, covering all the essential aspects of data presentation.

For students looking for an in-depth understanding of diagrammatic presentation, our Diagrammatic Presentation of Data Class 11 Notes are just what you need. These notes provide detailed insights into different types of diagrams and how they can be used to represent data effectively.

At WitKnowLearn, we are dedicated to making learning engaging and accessible. Dive into our resources for Presentation of Data in Class 11 and master the art of communicating data with clarity and precision. Get ready to excel in your Class 11 Economics with WitKnowLearn!

Presentation of Data Class 11

In Class 11, the presentation of data is a crucial skill, integral to understanding and communicating statistical information effectively. This topic equips students with the ability to visually represent data, making complex information easily understandable.

The presentation of data includes various methods such as tables, charts, graphs, and diagrams. Students learn to choose the appropriate method based on the type of data and the intended audience. This skill is not just academic; it has practical applications in various fields like economics, business, and social sciences. Mastery of data presentation is essential for students to accurately interpret data, draw meaningful conclusions, and make informed decisions.

Presentation of Data Class 11 Notes

Our comprehensive notes on the presentation of data for Class 11 provide a detailed exploration of various data presentation techniques. These notes cover the fundamentals of organizing data in tables, creating different types of charts and graphs like bar graphs, histograms, pie charts, and line graphs. Each method is explained with its specific usage, advantages, and limitations.

The notes also delve into more complex forms of data presentation, such as frequency polygons and ogives. Through these notes, students gain a thorough understanding of how to present data in the most effective way, enhancing their analytical and interpretive skills.

Presentation of Data Class 11 Mind Map

The Presentation of Data Class 11 Mind Map is an innovative learning tool that visually organizes key concepts and methods related to data presentation. This mind map includes branches for different types of data presentation techniques, highlighting their uses and characteristics. It serves as an excellent revision tool, helping students quickly recall and connect various aspects of data presentation.

The mind map simplifies complex information, making it easier for students to grasp and retain the material for their exams and practical applications.

Presentation of Data Class 11 Extra Questions Answers

To reinforce learning, our Presentation of Data Class 11 Extra Questions and Answers are an invaluable resource. These questions cover a wide range of topics, from basic understanding to application-based scenarios. They are designed to test students' knowledge of different data presentation methods and their ability to choose the right technique for various datasets. By practicing these questions, students can assess their understanding, identify areas for improvement, and gain confidence in their ability to apply these skills in real-world situations.

NCERT Class 11 Economics Chapter 4

NCERT Class 11 Economics Chapter 4 is dedicated to the presentation of data, a foundational aspect of the economics curriculum. This chapter provides a thorough introduction to the various methods of presenting data, emphasizing their relevance in economic analysis. It discusses the significance of accurately representing data to understand economic trends and patterns.

The chapter is crucial for students to develop a strong base in economics, as it lays the groundwork for more advanced topics in the subject. Understanding this chapter is key for students to excel in their economic studies and develop skills essential for future academic and professional endeavors.

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• Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 Solutions for Chapter 3

Class 11 Economics Sandeep Garg Solutions Chapter 3 – Diagrammatic Presentation

Sandeep Garg Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 3 is an illustration curated by professional economic educators for students to comprehend the concepts and procure good scores. The Sandeep Garg Solution is a credible source of reference that provides fundamentals and a comprehensive understanding of solved exercises for economic students. The Solutions offer an enhanced preparation process, and students can download the chapter-wise solutions from here for free and prepare accordingly.

The professional economic educator illustrated the diagrammatic presentation from Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 textbook solutions chapter 2 from the contemporary edition of the textbook. Students can learn more about the subject through Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 Solutions. As students complete their homework or study for their exams, these insights will be a valuable asset. Economics is a subject with numerous concepts, but here we present the solution from our Tabular Presentation, which will be quite helpful to the students who are preparing for their exam.

Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 Solutions for Chapter 3 – Diagrammatic Presentation

Introduction to class 11 economics sandeep garg solution chapter 3 pdf.

The Sandeep Garg Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 3 is an easy and scoring chapter that presents how to show data efficiently through the use of diagrammatic presentations like bar charts, histograms, pie charts, and so on. 

The Sandeep Garg Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 3 is the study of data in a simple and presentable manner through the representation of diagrams. 

There are Two Basic Types of Diagrammatic Presentations

1. Geometric Form: The Geometric type of diagrammatic presentation includes presentations like- Pie Diagram and Bar Diagram

Circular or Pie Chart

There are radii at each corner of the circle to divide the area into sectors, so a pie chart consists of a circle. Further, the sector values are proportional to those of the items that are under investigation. Additionally, the circle comprises the entire data set under consideration.

A Step-by-Step Guide to Drawing Pie Charts

Provide a percentage breakdown of the components of the data given

In the center of the circle, the angle is 360 degrees, so divide each percentage component by 3.6.

Make a circle.

Divide the circle into sectors according to the central angles of each percent component.

Use different shades for each sector.

2. Frequency Diagram: The Frequency type of diagrammatic presentation includes presentations like- Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Frequency Curve, and Ogive curve. Line charts or polygons showing frequency distributions are called frequency diagrams. Below is a frequency chart showing the corresponding table results. The midpoint of each group represents the frequency polygon of grouped data.

Histograms are bar graphs that show frequency distributions. Follow the below mentioned important steps on how to create a histogram:

Place frequencies are displayed vertically. The frequency axis in this place would be labeled as the term "Frequency.".

Place each interval's lower value on the horizontal axis. Provide a label for this axis explaining what data are shown (the price of birthday cards, etc.).

In each interval, make a line extending from the smallest value to the smallest value of the next interval. It is recommended that each bar have the same height as the frequency of the interval it represents.

Advantages of Diagrammatic Presentation

The use of diagrammatic presentation in a chapter helps in a better understanding of the concept. Given below are some of the advantages of it:

The Class 11 Economics Diagrammatic Presentation Sandeep Garg chapter presents data in the form of a simple and colorful manner appealing and at the same time in a comprehensive manner.

The Diagrammatic Presentation in a chapter saves a lot of time as it presents complex data in a simplified manner.

Diagrammatic Presentation Class 11 Economics Sandeep Garg chapters are more informative as they not only depict data characteristics but also reveal other hidden relations and facts which remain unsolvable from the classified and tabulated data.

The Diagrammatic Presentations are super easy to comprehend as they give a great memorizing effect.

Class 11 Economics Sandeep Garg Solution Chapter 3 Pdf helps students present a huge mass of complex data in an intelligible, simplified, and understandable form

The Diagrammatic Presentation chapter presents two sets of data in a visually pleasing and easily comparable manner.

The diagrammatic representation of data is easy to understand by a common man. Diagrams are really too attractive and they are also impressive, with many newspapers and magazines using them often so that they can describe certain phenomena. Advertisement campaigns also utilize diagrams heavily nowadays.

Simplified Presentation-You can easily present large volumes of complex data in a simplified and understandable way by using diagrams.

A hidden fact is revealed when data is sorted and tabulated - some facts are not revealed during this process. Data visualization helps reveal these concealed facts as well as their relations.

Diagrams help people to grasp the data easily when it is presented in a graphical form.

Compare with ease - Diagrams make it easy for people to compare data.

This is universal - almost all fields of study such as business, economics, social institutions, administrative work, etc. make use of diagrams. Consequently, they are universally accepted.

A General Principle of Diagrammatic Presentation of Data

In order to best communicate the information contained in statistical data, a diagrammatic presentation is the best method. In order to make diagrammatic presentations more effective tools for understanding data, you should follow the following general principles:

The title should give a clear, concise, and unambiguous explanation of the topic. In the footnote below the diagram, you can provide more information about the title.

Diagrams must be constructed so that the viewer is immediately engaged. Your drawing should be drawn neatly, with an appropriate balance between its length and breadth. Also, you have to make sure about the fact that the diagram is neither too large nor too small. Colors, shades, and sizes can also be used to emphasize different aspects of a problem.

Ensure that the drawing is accurate by using the proper measurements and colors. Always put accuracy above attractiveness in your drawings.

Consider the nature of the data and the purpose of the investigation when selecting the design of the diagram.

The diagram should be indexed if you use different shades or colors to illustrate different characteristics.

Please specify where the data comes from if you are using a secondary source.

Your diagram should be as simple as possible.

Preparation Tips

The Class 11 Economics presents theories in Tabular or Graphical or Diagramatic presentation along with the necessary formula for students to comprehend readily. 

Students should ensure to practice the problems that involve diagrammatic presentations regularly.

The most effective preparation approach is to understand the working and application of a formula over memorizing. A thorough understanding and regular practice of all the important formulas chapter-wise helps better comprehension of the chapter.

Students must comprehend and analyze the logic and reasoning of all the important topics and give special focus to the various graphical presentations.

The Sandeep Garg Class 11 Solutions for Economics Chapter 3- Diagrammatic Presentation is a chapter that presents a comprehensive view of all the important concepts and problems important for students during preparation or revision for the exam. The Class 11 Sandeep G arg Solution Diagrammatic Presentation helps students enhance and better their preparation and change their score game.

FAQs on Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 Solutions for Chapter 3

1. How does diagrammatic data presentation differ from other methods?

Diagrams are geometrical figures such as lines, bars, circles, squares, etc., which help present data in a manner that is more intuitive. A diagrammatic presentation of data offers the following advantages:

Easy to understand- Graphs facilitate the understanding of data because they are attractive, impressive, and they are used frequently in newspapers and magazines to illustrate certain facts or phenomena. Modern advertising campaigns also use diagrams.

Simplified Presentation- Using diagrams, you can represent large amounts of complex data in a simple and understandable way.

Reveals Hidden Facts- During the classification and tabulation of data, some facts are hidden. Visualizing data using diagrams helps reveal these facts, as well as their relationships.

2. How to prepare for Class 11 Economics Chapter 3 – Diagrammatic Presentation?

You can prepare for Class 11 Economics Chapter 3- Diagrammatic presentation in the following ways-

Understanding the detailed topic that was explained should be the first and most important if you are preparing for a Diagrammatic presentation.

Diagrams tend to be easy if you search for the relevant information given in the question only. Different study pie charts and other histograms as well give you a detailed version of the answer.

Always make notes of the important topics with their graphical presentation only as it will help you in learning those concepts in an easier way.

After completing your syllabus, test your preparation by solving sample papers. You can download a free PDF of sample papers and solutions from Vedantu’s website or mobile app.

3. How pie charts can be helpful for a diagrammatic presentation?

Pie charts can be helpful for a diagrammatic presentation in the following ways.

The pie chart gives you a chart view of the numbers and other important topics which are mentioned in the questions.

Pie chart provides you with a circle representation of your answer about how much percentage that topics hold and how the answer is divided with the diagrammatic view.

A pie chart is best used when trying to work out the composition of something. If you have categorical data then using a pie chart would work really well as each slice can represent a different category.

4. What are the key areas in Diagrammatic Presentation you must focus on before Class 11 Economics Exams?

The key areas including Diagrammatic presentation you should focus on before you are going for Class 11 Economics exams are-

Make sure you have practised pie charts, histograms, frequency graphs enough so that you can understand the concept of the graphs

Always make a picture in your mind whenever you are attempting any question so that you can have an idea about how the charts should be done

Make sure to practice sample papers as much as possible to understand the level of questions that can be there in your exams.

5.  What is the importance of  diagrammatic presentation?

An easy-to-follow diagram is easy to comprehend. A simplified representation can simplify a large amount of data. Data can be presented in a simple and effective way by using diagrams. You can represent large quantities of complex data in a way that makes sense. A simple and effective tool for presenting the information that any statistical data contains. Diagrams are usually attractive and impressive, and newspapers and magazines use them frequently to explain certain phenomena and facts related to data.

• Diagrammatic Presentation of Data

Nowadays a lot of emphases is laid upon exceptional presentation of data.  All of this is because, when presented diagrammatically, data is easy to interpret with just a glance. In such a case we need to learn how to represent data diagrammatically via bar diagrams, pie charts etc.

Suggested Videos

Bar diagrams.

As the name suggests, when data is presented in form of bars or rectangles , it is termed to be a bar diagram.

Features of a Bar

• The rectangular box in a bar diagram is known as a bar. It represents the value of a variable .
• These bars can be either vertically or horizontally arranged.
• Bars are equidistant from each other.
• Each bar originates from a common baseline or a common axis.
• The width of bars remain same but the height changes, according to the value of a variable, to denote the difference between their values.
• Unless they are in a specific order, the convention is that bars can be arranged in an ascending or descending order.

Browse more Topics under Presentation Of Data

• Textual and Tabular Presentation of Data

Types of Bar Diagrams

Simple bar diagram.

These are the most basic type of bar diagrams. A simple bar diagram represents only a single set of numerical data. Generally, simple bar diagrams are used to represent time series data for a single entity.

Generally, the Y-axis contains markings which represent the range of the value of variable whereas the X-axis contains divisions for entities like years, time periods, areas etc.

Multiple Bar Diagram

Unlike single bar diagram, a multiple bar diagram can represent two or more sets of numerical data on the same bar diagram. Generally, these are constructed to facilitate comparison between two entities like average height and average weight, birth rates and death rates etc.

Separate sets of numerical data are differentiated with the help of colour variation. By the same token of simple bar diagrams, multiple bar diagrams also have divisions on Y-axis and X-axis that represent different values of the variable and entities like year, areas etc. respectively. Note that each division on X-axis has two or more bar diagrams each according to the specified number of bars.

Sub-divided or Differential Bar Diagrams

Sub-divided bar diagrams are useful when we need to represent the total values and the contribution of various sections of the total simultaneously. The different sections are shaded with different colours in the same bar.

For example, such a bar diagram can be used to represent the varying levels of employment over the years in India and each bar can be divided into two sectors, the urban and rural. Again, here the Y-axis and X-axis represent same values as in simple and multiple bar diagrams.

Percentage Bar Diagrams

This is derived further from the subdivided bar diagrams. In this, each bar has the same height that represents 100 percent of the Y-axis in totality. Further, each bar is divided into sections based on percentages calculated according to the contribution of these sections.

Percentage bar diagrams are used when the values are really high. This is because using subdivided bar diagrams in such cases would not be easy and appropriate.

Deviation Bar Diagrams

Lastly, the deviation bar diagrams are most interesting of the lot. In such a type of bar diagram, there are both negative and positive values on the y-axis. The deviation bar diagrams are used to compare the net deviation of related variables with respect to time and location.

For example, it can be used to represent a bar diagram for savings (represented by positive deviations) and deficit (represented by negative deviations) over years.

Pie or Circular Diagrams

In addition to bar diagrams, pie diagrams are also widely used to pictorially represent data. In this, a circle is divided into various segments which are decided on the basis of percentages. Which means the circle is divided into sectors depending on various percentages.

These sectors are differentiated with the help of colours. Pie diagrams have an edge over bar diagrams because they can easily provide an overview and provides a better sense of contributions of each part. The steps for construction of a pie diagram are:

The first step involves finding out respective percentages. This is done by a simple mathematical formula to find out percentages which is –

{(Parts for the respective sector)/total parts) ×100} .

For example, if in a class of 1oo students, 30 are obese, 20 are fat and 50 are slim then the percentages will be as follows:

(30/100) × 100= 30%

(20/100) × 100= 20%

(50/100) × 100= 50%

2] A circle comprises 360 degrees. The angles that each sector will span across is decided by the given formula: (Percentage value/100)×360°

3] Finally, just plot these values according to their respective angles on a circle and give appropriate markings to complete the pie chart.

A Solved Example for You

Q:   Which among the following is not a feature of a bar in the bar diagram?

• The width is same but the heights are generally different
• They are rectangular in shape
• Bars should not be equidistant
• Each bar originates from a common baseline

Ans:   Of all the above options, option C is incorrect because conventionally the bars should be equidistant.

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• Class 11 Commerce
• Sandeep Garg Solutions Class 11 Economics
• Chapter 3 Diagrammatic Presentation

Sandeep Garg Solutions Class 11 Economics Chapter 3 Diagrammatic Presentation

Sandeep Garg Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 3 Diagrammatic Presentation is illustrated by the professional economic educators from the contemporary edition of Sandeep Garg Economics Class 11 textbook solutions.

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