how to writing a discursive essay

How to Write a Discursive Essay: Format, Tips, & Examples

So, you need to accomplish your discursive essay writing. The typical questions most students ask are: How do you write it? What is discursive essay?

A discursive essay is an academic paper that involves a discussion on a particular topic. It is usually assigned to college students. You may be required to write a paper wherein you have to do one of the following:

argue for the issue or against it;
present your points of view on both sides;
provide your unprejudiced opinion on that matter.

Don’t panic!

Check out the tips from  Custom-writing.org  experts below. They will assist you in discursive writing and encourage you to examine essay examples. Moreover, in this article, you’ll also learn about different types of discursive essay, and its introduction, main body, and conclusion structure.

❓ Discursive Essay Definition
🏁 Types of a Discursive Essay

📑 Discursive Essay Format

✍️ Writing Guide
👍 Do’s and Don’ts
📃 Essay Examples

🔗 References

❓ what is a discursive essay.

First of all, let’s figure out what the discursive essay is.

You may think it’s similar to the argumentative essay. It is, but there’s a difference between them in terms of purpose:

Discursive essays aim to provide a reliable and unbiased assessment of an issue. They don’t have to be completely neutral. Instead, you should write them using the facts and research reports to present both sides of the issue.
Argumentative essays aim to persuade the reader in your position. This essay requires you to convince as well as educate the reader. The result should be less passionate and more concise than that of a persuasive essay.

And here’s how they differ regarding structure.

Discursive essay structure:

Start with an introduction to the topic.
Discuss each essay question in a single paragraph.
Begin each paragraph with a powerful issue sentence.
Paragraphs with one point usually followed by a counterpoint paragraph.

Argumentative essay structure:

Craft a precise thesis statement with your position in the introduction.
Elaborate on it in the body paragraph, explaining why you’re right.
Restate and develop your thesis in the conclusion.
Persuade your reader to agree with your position.

We will take a detailed look at how to structure a discursive essay later, and now let’s find out what are the types of this assignment.

Keep reading!

🏁 Discursive Essay: Main Types

You have to think more critically and more in-depth when reviewing all viewpoints and aspects of discursive writing. Check these three main types of essay writing:

Opinion Essay  requires the author’s opinion on an issue which is stated in the introductory paragraph. It should be clearly presented and followed by reasons and supporting examples. Also, this essay paper should contain an opposing argument that comes before the conclusion. The writer must explain to readers why the mentioned argument is considered to be unconvincing. The writer’s opinion should be restated/summarized in the conclusion.
For and Against Essay  provides readers with a thorough debate on the topic with the help of opposing points of view. Each point should be discussed objectively and described in details. The introductory paragraph puts the issue under consideration. The main body of this essay paper should present examples, reasons, and arguments supported by justifications. The author’s own opinion with balanced reflections on the topic should be stated only in conclusion.
Essay Suggesting Solution to a Problem  discusses problems and finds the main solutions. The introduction paragraph explicitly declares a problem and analyses its causes and consequences. The main body of the essay should offer some suggestions for a possible solution to the problem and potential state consequences or expected results. In conclusion, author’s opinion should be distinctly summarized.

Well, it’s time to talk about the structure of a discursive essay. Like most of the assignments, a discursive paper starts with an introduction and ends with a conclusion:

Introduction

The first question you may ask is how to start a discursive essay introduction. Simple!

Give your readers a hook – something that would sound interesting to them.
Provide a short explanation of the problem. You may use quotations, as well as rhetorical questions.
Show your readers both sides of the arguments and sum up.

You may be wondering…

Is there something I should avoid in my discursive essay introduction?

Yes. No stereotypes and generalizations, please!

The next step under formal essay writing you should take is to compose the body.

Tips on how to write a discursive essay.

There are a few points you should remember:

First and foremost: stay unprejudiced . Assess all of the aspects of an issue. Leave your feelings behind or for another essay type.
Second: build your argumentation . If you have several arguments for your viewpoint—provide them in separate paragraphs. This will help you to keep your essay comprehensible and distinct. Don’t forget to submit supporting evidence.
Third: write the body of an essay in an alternate manner. What does it mean? If your first paragraph supports the paper’s argument, then in the second paragraph you should write something in the opposite of it. Such a combination of supporting and opposite paragraphs will make your essay look apparent, and well researched. Besides, it will help you to remain neutral.
Fourth: include topic sentences and evidence . Write a summary of the argument at the beginning of the paragraph. It will allow the reader to easier understand what the paragraph is about. Provide evidence to show that you’re not making the facts up.

Well, you’ve almost finished your writing. Now you should focus on the last section. Keep reading, and you will learn how to write a conclusion for a discursive essay.

In the last section, you should summarize your article including the main points, specified in the body paragraphs.
You may also logically express your opinion. Remember: it should resonate with your evidence stated in the body paragraphs.
Don’t repeat findings, just summarize them.

Keep it short. Your conclusion length should not exceed one paragraph.

✍️ How to Write a Discursive Essay

Now that you’re familiar with the discursive essay format, you’re well-equipped to craft your paper. Simply follow this comprehensive step-by-step guide filled with valuable tips.

1. Choose Your Topic

Selecting an effective topic for your discursive essay is a key step that governs the entire writing process. Here are actionable tips to help you with this:

The topic should be divisible into at least 3 aspects. This allows for analyzing different perspectives and crafting a well-rounded overview. For example, animal testing has aspects like effectiveness, alternatives, and morality.
The topic should be sufficiently covered in academic literature. This will provide you with a solid foundation of research and facts to support your arguments. Before finalizing a topic, check that ample information exists on it.
Claims and counterclaims on the topic should be about the same idea. For example, If the claim is that animal testing effectively enables drug development, the counterclaim could be that differences between species limit the usefulness of animal testing data. Both claims center on the efficacy of animal testing.

2. Research Your Topic

Before writing, research your topic thoroughly to gather pertinent information and evidence. Seek out sources that reinforce and dispute your stance, including academic journals, literature, reputable internet sites, news reports, and expert perspectives.

The most effective approach to discover reliable scholarly sources is exploring your university library or repositories. In this case, you can narrow your search field by applying Boolean operators : AND, OR, and NOT.

Use AND to find articles that contain both search terms. For instance, looking for “canines AND felines” will display articles referencing both.
Use OR to find articles that contain either of the search terms. For example, searching for “canines OR felines” will produce articles mentioning one or both.
Use NOT to exclude specific terms from your search results. Searching for “canines NOT felines” will retrieve articles covering canines only.

3. Compose a Thesis Statement

The next step is to develop your thesis statement: a clear and concise declaration of your main argument.

Here are the key qualities of an effective thesis:

Two-sided. It presents two sides of the issue rather than being biased and one-sided.
Written in tentative language. Tentative words and phrases display some uncertainty or caution when presenting the discussion. This helps communicate openness to varied perspectives. Phrases such as “it could be argued” and “there is evidence to suggest” can introduce the thesis in a more nuanced manner.
Based on research, not just opinion. The thesis gains conviction when it includes research findings, statistics, expert views, and other reliable sources.

4. Formulate Claims and Counterclaims

Before you can start planning your essay structure, it is important to develop clear claims and counterclaims that are connected to each other. Claims constitute the main arguments in support of your thesis statement, while counterclaims present opposing viewpoints that challenge your claims.

For a 1000-word discursive essay, having 3 pros (claims) and 3 cons (counterclaims) is generally sufficient to provide a balanced discussion of the topic, but longer essays may require more arguments.

5. Outline Your Essay

Like any other academic work, a discursive paper consists of an introduction, a main body, and a conclusion. Let’s focus on structuring body paragraphs since this can be the most challenging part for students.

One strategy to structure the main body of a discursive essay goes like this:

Present all the claims favoring your chosen issue.
Follow up with counterclaims that challenge or give alternative viewpoints on those arguments.

Another potent strategy is to present a claim and its connected counterclaim within the same paragraph. This method lets you directly contrast different perspectives on one aspect of the topic.

This image shows two ways to structure the main body of a discursive essay.

If you need help outlining your essay, try our free essay outline generator .

6. Write Your Discursive Essay

When writing a discursive essay, remember to appeal to logic rather than emotions. It means presenting well-reasoned arguments supported by facts rather than relying on feelings.

It’s common to include in-text citations to support your claims. By citing reputable sources, you will provide evidence and authority to your points, making your essay more credible and persuasive.

When including in-text citations, follow the appropriate citation style (such as APA, MLA, or Chicago) and provide a full reference list at the end of your essay to acknowledge the sources you have used.

👍 Discursive Writing Do’s and Don’ts

Do you want more discursive essay writing tips? Fine! Just check them below:

Basic Do’s of a Discursive Essay

Write in formal, impersonal style
Use topic sentences
Give examples for each point
Use sequencing and linking words
Identify used sources
Follow proper citation style

Basic Don’Ts of a Discursive Essay

Don’t use contractions
Don’t use overly emotional language
Don’t use over-generalizations
Don’t insist on your opinion
Don’t use personal examples

Well, now you know what discursive essay means, what are its main types, and how to structure it.

Discursive Essay Topics

Discussion of risk factors that impact human health.
Discuss the necessity of understanding cultural heritage to provide efficient health care.
Analyze different opinions on withdrawing patients’ treatment.
Examine different views on the Civil War.
Discuss what hostile emotional states are and how they impact human life.
Discuss the meaning of metaphors used by Virgil in Aeneid .
Describe different opinions on telehealth in nursing homes.
The ethicality of stem cell technology.
Explore the effectiveness of motivational interviewing.
Discuss how people present themselves online .
Discuss the reasons for Coca-Cola’s marketing success.
Analyze the food safety issues and the ways to improve the situation.
Examine the essential meaning of sleep for people’s physical and mental health.
Explore various complications of working with groups.
Discussion of the modern issues with virtue ethics.
Describe different views on the definition of love.
Give the for and against arguments considering food security technologies.
Discuss how the concept of the American dream is presented in the film The Great Gatsby.
Analyze the influence of family problems on children and suggest ways to improve the situation.
Present the various points of view on the ethical concepts of Buddhism.
Examine the attitudes towards the problem of homelessness and the suggested ways of its solution.
Explore different opinions on the American revolution and its consequences.
Discuss various policies and views around the globe on abortion.
Discussion of the history of food foraging in different communities.
Multiple thoughts on civility on the Internet .
Analyze arguments on the effectiveness of hand sanitizers.
Discuss the importance of visual aids in learning.
Present and evaluate the theories of international development .
Discuss how to prevent the spread of the West Nile Virus (WNV).
Is embracing renewable energy sources beneficial for both environment and the global economy?
Examine the correctness of the statement that the ideology of pleasure is the foundation of social activism.
Discussion of the ethical dilemma of population control.
Discuss the ethics of experimental studies .
Analyze the topic of gun violence and gun control laws.
Explore the reasons for opioid crises in the US.
Give arguments for and against random drug testing.
Discuss the problem of endangered species .
Express your opinion on the necessity of parents to be included in children’s education .
Present your attitude towards working in a bureaucratic organization.
Discuss the issue of the nursing shortage and suggest a solution.
Give different viewpoints on the definition of beauty .
Analyze the problem of police misconduct.
Discuss the description of violence of African people in literature.
Examine the views on Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory.
Describe the various opinions on mysticism and express your attitude towards it.
Discuss the diverse standpoints on spirituality.
Is nature protection an urgent problem?
Analyze different ideas on physical privacy at work.
Discussion on the Jewish heritage in nursing.
Examine the views on the meaning of life.

📃 Discursive Essay Examples

If you’re looking to enhance your understanding of discursive writing, check out our collection of discursive essay examples. These samples can provide valuable insights into effective argumentation and organization.

Pros and cons of DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) .
Freedom of speech and restrictions: pros and cons .
The low-cost provider strategy: pros and cons .
NASA’s efforts of space colonization: pros and cons .
Artificial intelligence: pros and cons .
Cloning discussion: pros and cons .
Pros and cons of free speech regulations on social media .
Globalization and its pros and cons .
Pros and cons of diagnosing patients in mental health practices .
The Family and Medical Leave Act: pros and cons .

Want to see a fully-formatted sample essay? Feel free to download the PDF file below:

The debate among professionals and patients regarding the best diet for weight loss is still on. The low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets are among the most popular and used ones.

Good luck with your discussions and discursive essays! Be sure to check out the articles on our blog for more academic wisdom. By the way, on the Custom-Writing website, you may find the best essay topics for your academic writing.

And don’t forget to share your opinion in the comments below.

How to Write a Discursive Essay: Awesome Guide and Template

The term "discursive" comes from the Latin word "discursus," meaning to move around or traverse. A discursive essay reflects this by exploring multiple viewpoints and offering a thorough discussion on a specific topic.

In this article, our term paper writing service will define what a discursive essay is, distinguish it from an argumentative essay, provide practical tips on how to write one effectively, and examine essay examples to illustrate its structure and approach.

What Is a Discursive Essay

A discursive essay is a type of essay where you discuss a topic from various viewpoints. The goal is to provide a balanced analysis by exploring different perspectives. Your essay should present arguments on the topic, showing both sides to give a comprehensive view.

Features of discursive essays typically include:

Thesis Statement: Clearly states your position or argument on the topic.
Discussion of Perspectives: Examines different viewpoints or aspects of the issue.
Evidence and Examples: Supports arguments with relevant evidence and examples.
Counterarguments: Addresses opposing viewpoints to strengthen your position.
Logical Organization: Structured to present arguments coherently and persuasively.

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How to Write a Discursive Essay

Writing a discursive essay involves examining a topic from different angles and presenting balanced viewpoints. Whether you're tackling a controversial issue or analyzing a complex subject, following these steps will help you craft a well-structured discursive essay.

1. Understand the Topic

Before you start writing, make sure you grasp the topic thoroughly. Identify key terms and concepts to clarify what you need to discuss. Consider the different aspects and perspectives related to the topic that you will explore in your essay.

2. Research and Gather Evidence

Research is crucial for a discursive essay. Gather information from reliable sources such as books, academic journals, and reputable websites. Collect evidence that supports various viewpoints on the topic. Note down quotes, statistics, and examples that you can use to strengthen your arguments.

3. Plan Your Structure

Organize your essay effectively to ensure clarity and coherence. Start with an introduction that states your thesis or main argument. Outline the main points or perspectives you will discuss in the body paragraphs. Each paragraph should focus on a different aspect or viewpoint, supported by evidence. Consider including a paragraph that addresses counterarguments to strengthen your position.

4. Write the Introduction

Begin your essay with a compelling introduction that grabs the reader's attention. Start with a hook or an intriguing fact related to the topic. Clearly state your thesis statement, which outlines your position on the issue and previews the main points you will discuss. The introduction sets the tone for your essay and provides a roadmap for what follows.

5. Develop the Body Paragraphs

The body of your essay should present a balanced discussion of the topic. Each paragraph should focus on a different perspective or argument. Start each paragraph with a clear topic sentence that introduces the main idea. Support your points with evidence, examples, and quotes from your research. Ensure smooth transitions between paragraphs to maintain the flow of your argument.

6. Conclude Effectively

Wrap up your essay with a strong conclusion that summarizes the main points and reinforces your thesis statement. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion. Instead, reflect on the significance of your arguments and how they contribute to the broader understanding of the topic. End with a thought-provoking statement or a call to action, encouraging readers to consider the complexities of the issue.

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Discursive Guide Checklist

Discursive essay examples.

Here, let’s take a look at our samples and see how different topics are discussed from different viewpoints in real discursive essays.

If you found these examples helpful, you can order custom essay now and receive one on any topic you choose.

Discursive Essay Topics

Here are a range of topics that encourage exploration of different perspectives and critical analysis. Choose a topic that interests you and allows for a balanced analysis of arguments and evidence.

Should governments impose higher taxes on sugary drinks to combat obesity?
Is homeschooling beneficial for children's education?
Should the use of drones for military purposes be restricted?
Should the legal drinking age be lowered or raised?
Is online education as effective as traditional classroom learning?
Should parents be held legally responsible for their children's actions?
Is artificial intelligence a threat to human employment?
Are video games a positive or negative influence on young people?
Should the voting age be lowered to 16?
Should schools teach mindfulness and meditation techniques?
Is cultural diversity in the workplace beneficial for companies?
Should prisoners have the right to vote?
Is social media addiction a real problem?
Should plastic packaging be replaced with eco-friendly alternatives?
Is it ethical to clone animals for agricultural purposes?
Should the government provide subsidies for electric vehicles?
Is privacy more important than national security?
Should school uniforms be mandatory?
Is renewable energy the future of our planet?
Should parents have access to their children's social media accounts?

By the way, we also have a great collection of narrative essay topics to inspire your creativity.

What is the Difference Between a Discursive and Argumentative Essay

Discursive essays and argumentative essays share similarities but have distinct differences in their approach and purpose. While both essay types involve critical thinking and analysis, the main difference lies in the writer's approach to the topic and the overall goal of the essay—whether it aims to explore and discuss multiple perspectives (discursive) or to argue for a specific viewpoint (argumentative). Here’s a more detailed look at how they differ:

Types of Discursive Essay

Before writing a discursive essay, keep in mind that they can be categorized into different types based on their specific purposes and structures. Here are some common types of discursive essays:

Opinion Essays:

Purpose: Expressing and supporting personal opinions on a given topic.
Structure: The essay presents the writer's viewpoint and provides supporting evidence, examples, and arguments. It may also address counterarguments to strengthen the overall discussion.

Problem-Solution Essays:

Purpose: Identifying a specific problem and proposing effective solutions.
Structure: The essay introduces the problem, discusses its causes and effects, and presents possible solutions. It often concludes with a recommendation or call to action.

Compare and Contrast Essays:

Purpose: Analyzing similarities and differences between two or more perspectives, ideas, or approaches.
Structure: The essay outlines the key points of each perspective, highlighting similarities and differences. A balanced analysis is provided to give the reader a comprehensive understanding.

Cause and Effect Essays:

Purpose: Exploring the causes and effects of a particular phenomenon or issue.
Structure: The essay identifies the primary causes and examines their effects or vice versa. It may delve into the chain of events and their implications.

Argumentative Essays:

Purpose: Presenting a strong argument in favor of a specific viewpoint.
Structure: The essay establishes a clear thesis statement, provides evidence and reasoning to support the argument, and addresses opposing views. It aims to persuade the reader to adopt the writer's perspective.

Pro-Con Essays:

Purpose: Evaluating the pros and cons of a given issue.
Structure: The essay presents the positive aspects (pros) and negative aspects (cons) of the topic. It aims to provide a balanced assessment and may conclude with a recommendation or a summary of the most compelling points.

Exploratory Essays:

Purpose: Investigating and discussing a topic without necessarily advocating for a specific position.
Structure: The essay explores various aspects of the topic, presenting different perspectives and allowing the reader to form their own conclusions. It often reflects a process of inquiry and discovery.

These types of discursive essays offer different approaches to presenting information, and the choice of type depends on the specific goals of the essay and the preferences of the writer.

Discursive Essay Format

Writing a discursive essay needs careful planning to make sure it’s clear and flows well while presenting different viewpoints on a topic. Here’s how to structure your discursive essay:

Introduction

Start with an interesting opening sentence to catch the reader's attention. Give some background information on the topic to show why it’s important.
Clearly state your main argument or position on the topic, and mention that you’ll be discussing different viewpoints.

"Should genetically modified foods be more strictly regulated for consumer safety? This question sparks debates among scientists, policymakers, and consumers alike. This essay explores the different perspectives on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to give a complete view of the issues."

Body Paragraphs

Begin each paragraph with a sentence that introduces a key point or perspective about GMOs.
Present arguments, evidence, and examples to support each perspective. Consider the benefits, risks, and ethical issues around GMOs.
Address possible objections or opposing viewpoints to show a balanced analysis.

"Supporters of GMOs argue that genetically engineered crops can help solve global food shortages by increasing crop yields and resistance to pests. For example, studies have shown that GMOs like insect-resistant corn have reduced the need for chemical pesticides, which benefits both farmers and the environment."

Counterarguments

Recognize the counterarguments or concerns raised by opponents of GMOs.
Provide reasoned responses or rebuttals to these counterarguments, acknowledging the complexity of the issue.

"However, critics of GMOs worry about potential long-term health effects and environmental impacts. They argue that there isn’t enough research to ensure the safety of eating genetically modified foods over long periods."

Summarize the main points discussed in the essay about GMOs.
Reinforce your thesis statement while considering the different arguments presented.
Finish with a thought-provoking statement or suggest what should be considered for future research or policy decisions related to GMOs.

"In conclusion, the debate over genetically modified foods highlights the need to balance scientific innovation with public health and environmental concerns. While GMOs offer potential benefits for global food security, ongoing research and transparent regulation are essential to address uncertainties and ensure consumer safety."

Formatting Tips

Use clear and straightforward language throughout the essay.
Ensure smooth transitions between paragraphs to maintain the flow of ideas.
Use headings and subheadings if they help organize different perspectives.
Properly cite sources when referencing research findings, quotes, or statistics.

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Yays and Nays of Writing Discourse Essays

In learning how to write a discursive essay, certain do's and don'ts serve as guiding principles throughout the writing process. By adhering to these guidelines, writers can navigate the complexities of presenting arguments, counterarguments, and nuanced analyses, ensuring the essay resonates with clarity and persuasiveness.

Wrapping Up

Throughout this guide, you have acquired valuable insights into the art of crafting compelling arguments and presenting diverse perspectives. By delving into the nuances of topic selection, structuring, and incorporating evidence, you could hone your critical thinking skills and sharpen your ability to engage in informed discourse.

This guide serves as a roadmap, offering not just a set of rules but a toolkit to empower students in their academic journey. As you embark on future writing endeavors, armed with the knowledge gained here, you can confidently navigate the challenges of constructing well-reasoned, balanced discursive essays that contribute meaningfully to academic discourse and foster a deeper understanding of complex issues. If you want to continue your academic learning journey right now, we suggest that you read about the IEEE format next.

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What is a Discursive Example?

What is the difference between a discursive and argumentative essay, what are the 2 types of discursive writing.

Daniel Parker

is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

Updated old sections including definition, outline, writing guide.
Added new topics, examples, checklist, FAQs.
Discursive writing - Discursive Writing - Higher English Revision. (n.d.). BBC Bitesize. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zpdwwmn/revision/1
Prepare for Exam Success: C1 Advanced self-access learning Writing Part 1 -the discursive essay Lesson summary. (n.d.). Retrieved June 28, 2024, from https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/Images/583526-c1-advanced-self-access-learning-writing-part-1-discursive-essay.pdf
Tomeu. (n.d.). Advanced C1.1: How to write a DISCURSIVE ESSAY. Advanced C1.1. Retrieved June 28, 2024, from https://englishadvanced2.blogspot.com/2013/10/speakout-advanced-p-25-examples-of.html